Degree of Baccalaureate in Theology

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Gospel of Matthew

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    The Temptations of Jesus And the Tempter In the Gospel of Matthew
    (Tangaza University College, 2003) Ranzenberger, Pablo Cirujeda
    The temptations of Jesus and the action of an adversary to God, be it called Satan, the devil, or the tempter, have, in the past, inspired many a research work, as well as movies, novels, pious legends, and stirred up the imagination about mythical beasts and creatures who approach human beings with all kinds of evil intentions. Matthew's gospel partly contains this legendary vocabulary. It is not, though, a tale about good and evil, but a carefully constructed account about Jesus, the Son of God, his suffering during his public life among his fellow people, and the way he has overcome death once for all. Matthew proclaims the early Christian kerygma throughout his Gospel account: Jesus suffered, died and rose from death. And all those who believe in him, through faith, may share in the eternal life he has attained for all. And what is faith? As we will see, faith is obedience to God our Father. Obedience to do what? The answer to these and other questions is found in this long essay. But I am not going to advance anything else in this introduction, apart from saying that Satan, the tempter, has many faces, but none of them is the face of a monstrous beast. Rather, his aspect is rather decent, and so are his proposals. This essay is primarily a biblical and exegetical research paper I have used the English Revised Standard Version of the Bible, and occasionally the Greek New Testament, in the way they have come down to us today. I do not attempt to carry out any formal textual criticism on the texts used, but will nevertheless use some elements of form, source and redaction criticism. I take for granted that the present final redaction of Matthew's gospel is shaped for his audience best, and therefore I will use it for my analysis. but without questioning its final editing. In my research I have come across excellent exegetical commentaries on the temptation narrative in Matthew, and I am aware that there is nothing I can add in this essay to what has already been written. Nevertheless, by compiling these materials and further venturing into some applications which can be drawn from the present study, I do hope that some clear insights into the nature of the Son of God and his mission may be eained, even if it is only for my own better understanding. I will also try to present some practical applications based on the results of this mainly exegetical study. These applications will be a result more of my own reflection since there is not much material available on the pastoral consequences of the exegesis. Nevertheless, I understand that drawing pastoral applications is also part of the aims of literary criticism, since I understand that through the study of the final form of a bible text we can bring it closer to our present pastoral context.
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    The Role of Women in The Gospel of Matthew And Its Implications in Today's Church
    (Tangaza University College, 2003) Akimana, Concorde
    The purpose of this work is to find out whether the love of Jesus, shown to women, one of the marginalized groups of his day, is put into practice in today's Church. The present work has three chapters. To facilitate this study we shall need to begin by looking at the position of women in Graeco-Roman Empire before and during the time of Jesus. This is because the sacred writers of the New Testament, including Matthew, were influenced by different cultures. In the first chapter, we shall look at Greek philosophy and the Roman Law, without however forgetting what the Old Testament says about the position of women. Our intention is not to show a negative side of looking down upon women by the Bible world. It is rather to let the reader know the impact of prejudices of the patriarchal society on women in the Scriptures. In chapter two, however, we will study how, Jesus, a male Jew, goes beyond the bias of the Old Testament. Matthew presents to us Jesus who is truly human born of a woman (1:1 — 18). We shall find out why Matthew includes in the genealogy only five names of women among so many names of men. It will be considered important to know motive of the author and the nature of community that was made of the groups of marginalized people in the Jewish society. In this case women were not an exception.Thereafter, only when we have seen how Jesus preaches and heals both men and women will we now seek to know any longer that he has no discrimination. In addition, the Matthean Jesus sees divorce as an act of undoing what the Creator has done. Women in return, as true disciples will not remain indifferent or passive. They will play an important role by sharing a great sense of fidelity at Jesus' passion, death and burial. Moreover, women will become credible witnesses of the resurrection by announcing to the Apostles that Jesus is risen. The third chapter will examine whether the teaching of Jesus is put into practice. We shall, briefly, go through the entire history of the Church. We will consider the Church Fathers. They tried to balance the Old Testament with the New Testament. That is why they will allow both married women and virgins to play the key role in the development of the early Church. Some names like Macrina, Paula, Felicita, Perpertua, Monica and the mother of Gregory and Basil are unforgotten. In medieval period, women in the Church will continue to struggle for holiness. Though they are silenced, women will still remain active in Crusades, Monasteries and mysticism. The role of Catherina of Siena during Avignon Captivity is a factor that will make her a Doctor of the Church one of only three in the history of the Church. The period of the Reformation and Counter - Reformation, we shall find that reformers and counter — reformers were not only men, but also women. While some nuns were leaving monasteries because of their brothers who forced them to do so, other women had exceptional courage to remain in the monasteries, others joined religious life not only as cloister nuns, but also as active women. While Teresa of Avila busy reforming the Carmelite Order, Angela Merici and Mary Ward are worked tirelessly to be active in the world for the sake of the Church. The Second Vatican Council will make way for women's active participation in the Church and in the world. Its work has yet not ceased to make sure that women may enjoy the threefold ministry of Jesus by the virtue of their Baptism and Confirmation. The role of Mary as a woman in the Church, will not be left out. Her apparitions in different places throughout the ages are significant.