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Societal Perceptions and Attitudes towards Disability, Sexuality and Pregnancy of Disabled Women from Kibra Sub County, Nairobi
(Tangaza University, 2024-09) Brezhnev Henry Otieno
Despite the existence of robust global and national frameworks, such as the Sustainable Development Goals, Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, and Kenya Persons with Disabilities Act, which promote disability inclusion, disabled women in Kenya still face prejudice and stigma in society. The purpose of this study was to examine societal attitudes and perceptions toward the disability, sexuality, pregnancy, and childbirth of disabled women in Kibra, Nairobi. The study utilized the critical disability theory and the Utu conceptualization of disability to understand how attitudes and perceptions contribute to the (de)stigmatization of disabled women. A convergent parallel mixed method design was employed in the study, and fourteen disabled women were interviewed using an interview guide. A perception questionnaire and an Attitude Towards Disabled Persons (ADTP) tool were also administered to 420 non-disabled women and men and 145 healthcare staff. The study findings cited birth complications (37.1%) and genetic factors (40.2%) as the most common cause of impairment. The majority of respondents believed that disabled women have normal sexual organs and feelings, that they can engage in sexual relationships, that they can become pregnant, and that their pregnancy is not unusual. The findings also show that to overcome negative societal stigma and prejudices, disabled women adopt aggressive behavior, avoidance, self-stigmatization, and solidarity with one another. Nondisabled women and men had a combined mean ATDP score of 117.55 (SD = 24.21), with scores ranging from 26 to 174. The average ATDP scores for females (118.76) and males (116.36) were higher than the suggested threshold values of 110 and 113, respectively, indicating a high positive attitude toward disabled people. Except for gender and age group (p > 0.05), all sociodemographic characteristics for non-disabled women and men were statistically significant for positive attitudes toward disabled women. The mean ATDP score for healthcare workers was 118.77 (SD = 19.25), with the highest and lowest values being 54 and 165, respectively. Only the health facility type (F (3, 141) = [3.517], p = 0.017) was statistically significant for healthcare workers attitudes. The mean ATDP differed significantly between public and private healthcare facilities (p = 0.017, 95% confidence interval = [-38.38, -2.66]). Eliminating beliefs, attitudes, and actions that perpetuate and sustain prejudice and stigma against disabled women is essential to enhancing their agency, social standing, dignity, and human rights. This is possible through applying Utu principles and values like interconnectedness, interdependence, tolerance, fairness, solidarity, respect, compassion, and self-sacrifice.
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DRUG ABUSE AS A MORAL PROBLEM AMONG THE YOUTHS OF SAINTS JOSEPH AND MARY CATHOLIC PARISH SHAURI MOYO.
(Tangaza University, 2024) BAMEKO ENGONDOLO JULES-FRANCOIS
The present research project aimed at finding out how drug abuse is a moral problem among the youths; a case study of Saints Joseph and Mary Catholic Parish Shauri Moyo. The International Journal of Public Health of April 2017 testifies that drug abuse is one among many problems faced by humanity currently, especially the youth. Cases of drug and alcohol abuse leading to immoral acts and anti-social behavior have enormously increased in recent years.1 This issue is negatively impacting every region of Kenya and it has raised significant concerns among the government and other stakeholders such as learning institutions, parents, and churches. This also applies to Saints Joseph and Mary Catholic Parish Shauri Moyo in the Nairobi Archdiocese. Saints Joseph and Mary Catholic Parish Shauri Moyo is found in Nairobi County (the Capital City of the Republic of Kenya). “Shauri Moyo is a low-income neighborhood in Pumwani in the city of Nairobi. It is approximately 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) southeast of the central business district of Nairobi. It is one of the oldest estates in Nairobi”. The population is approximately 22,7072 residents based on the 2019 census report. Most of the population comprises youth aged between 18-35 years.3 The research focused on this age range because it is the most affected group by this problem of drug abuse.
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FORMATION OF MORAL CONSCIENCE AS POSSIBLE REMEDY FOR ITS RAMPANT RISE OF SINGLE PARENTHOOD IN THE ARCHDIOCESE OF NAIROBI-KENYA
(Tangaza University, 2024) OTHIENO JOHN PETER
Throughout human history, marriage has held a paramount significance, serving as a cornerstone of societal and generational continuity. It stands as a cherished institution, essential for the progression of human existence from one era to the next. Seen from the perspective of the Catholic Church, marriage is considered a divinely ordained union, a permanent and sacred bond created out of love between a man and a woman. It is seen as a God-established institution with the purpose of collaboratively creating life. Consequently, no human possesses the authority to alter the divine plan inherent in such a sacred institution. From this perspective, this research paper aims to address the concerning proliferation of single parenthood. It is crucial to acknowledge that this phenomenon is not a recent development in human history; rather, it has been present since time immemorial. In contemporary Nairobi, however, single parenthood has taken on a certain trend, almost becoming a societal norm. Despite its apparent acceptance, the repercussions of this trend are palpable across various institutions.
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Ownership of Health Data as the new Frontier for the Future of VODAN-Africa
(Journal of HyoJeong Academia, 2024) Reginald Nalugala; Mirjam Van Reisen
The Covid19 situation created a state of unequal use of data to produce vaccines. Africa was not in control over sovereign decision-making relating to the health of its citi-zens and to access of the data pertaining to it. The available digital architecture in Africa health facilities allowed data to be siphoned to Europe and the US at will. The purpose of the research is to argue why medical data once created should be held in ownership of the facility where the data is produced under the regulatory framework of the county and national state jurisdiction. This is referred as data that is Findable, Accessible (under well-defined conditions) Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR). The study inventories the addi-tional benefits of FAIR data for health purposes as means to assist Africa generate (self-)employment benefits to many unemployed youths based on the value that data holds in the digital economy. The study was carried out using a case study approach with four health facilities in Kenya, to help identify the contribution of the FAIR data concept to producing a sustainable outcome for health data management in Kenya. The paper dis-cussed the potential challenges which should be overcome to realize the full potential of FAIR data for a sovereign management of the health data in Kenya. Health data remained as an asset for the health facility for providing improved health at point of care. The find-ings show digital health data has an economic value and health benefit if well managed at point of production.
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An examination of the structural linkages between households and community health services in realization of accelerated primary healthcare delivery in Kisumu County, Kenya: a systematic review
(F1000Research, 2024-11-13) James M. Wakiaga; Reginald Nalugala
Background The provision of community health services (CHS) is critical in accelerating primary health care delivery to vulnerable and deprived populations. This systematic review study has been conducted to interrogate the interrelationship between households and community health services in accelerating primary healthcare delivery synthesizing the available empirical studies. The findings are to inform a primary research on structural linkages between households and CHS in Kisumu County, Kenya. Methods This study applied a descriptive approach using a systematic review technique to provide context and substance to the two main research questions: (1) how does the interaction between households and CHWs affect utilization of CHS to promote equity and right to health? (2) How do health-seeking behaviours of households influence their decision-making regarding choices of CHS? We screened the literature from Google scholar, JSTOR, SAGE and EBSCO based on our inclusion criteria, resulting in 21 studies. These studies were assessed for quality and eligibility and data extracted based on relevance to the research study. Results Households place primacy on trust and confidentiality in the interaction with CHWs and this affects uptake of CHS. The social determinants of health are also critical in influencing the healthseeking behaviour of households and individuals and their choice of CHS. The successful models of CHS share the characteristic of community ownership and participation and provides for comprehensive health care teams. Conclusion CHS are critical for the acceleration of primary health care delivery. It forms an important pathway for the achievement of universal health coverage, which is an outcome required for Sustainable Development Goal 3 on health.