Journals and Articles

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Start date: 2020End date: 2025

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    It is time to increase Africa’s governmental representation on the governing board of the global fund to fight AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.
    (BMJ Global Health, 2025-08) Reginald Maudlin Nalugala
    There is increasing attention in global health governance to increase African representation within decision-making bodies. Although the African national constituencies represent 71% of all Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (GFATM) allocations, the largest disease burden and 75% of all ‘challenging operating environments’, they represent only 10% of the voting members on the GFATM Governing Board, suggesting under-representation. Increasing African governmental representation by at least one voting seat on the GFATM Board would better align the institution with global norms advocating increased African representation. Evidence further suggests that increasing governmental representation would provide greater opportunities to create better contextualised, integrated and sustainable GFATM programmes, thus helping to address longstanding challenges in how we finance and promote global health.
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    Relationship Between WhatsApp Use and WhatsApp Use Anxiety Among Students in Mixed Day Secondary Schools – Kamenu Ward Thika, Kenya
    (IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science, 2024-09-24) Jacinta Mary Ondeng
    WhatsApp is a platform where interactions take place among people, information is conveyed and socialization occurs with the help of the WhatsApp application. This study investigated the relationship between WhatsApp use and WhatsApp use anxiety among student in Mixed Day Secondary Schools in Kamenu ward Thika, Kenya. The study utilized three objectives which were; to examine what extent are WhatsApp use levels among students, to measure the levels of WhatsApp use anxiety among students, and to establish the relationship between WhatsApp use and WhatsApp use anxiety among students in Mixed Day Secondary Schools in Kamenu ward Thika, Kenya. The study was informed by Cognitive Behavior Theory and Use and Gratification Theory. A correlation survey design was employed. The sample size was 328 calculated using the Krejcie and Morgan formula. The students were ages between 14-20 years. Data was collected using WhatsApp Use Scale and WhatsApp Use Anxiety Scale. The Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences version 26 was used to conduct the analysis. Data was analysed using descriptive (frequency and percentages) and inferential statistics (the Pearson’s product moment). Findings revealed that 83.2% of the students scored high level of WhatsApp use, while 0.3 % in Mixed Day Secondary Schools in Kamenu ward Thika Kenya, had low level of WhatsApp Usage. It was also found that 80.8% of students reported severe WhatsApp Use anxiety and 2.1% had moderate level of WhatsApp Use anxiety. The study established that there was a significant relationship between WhatsApp Use and WhatsApp Use Anxiety among students in mixed day secondary schools in Kamenu ward Thika, Kenya (r = .369**; P = .000, ≤ 0.05). The study recommended that the school administration in mixed day secondary schools to place stringent strategies to stop use of phones in schools and educate students on positive use of WhatsApp. There is need to engage psychological counselling to help curb the excessive use of WhatsApp on phones. This will facilitate more effective strategy in helping the students on the use of WhatsApp that may not be pathological.
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    Women Offenders in Kenya: Addressing the Psychological Needs Towards Effective Rehabilitation
    (International Journal of Social and Development Concerns, 2025-02-01) Jacinta Mary Ondeng
    Women offenders unique psychological needs explaining their offending behaviors. Understanding their needs ensures effective rehabilitation. This study sought to find out the psychological needs of women prisoners in Kenya. Risk-Needs-Responsivity (RNR) Model for Offender Rehabilitation and Relational Theory of Women’s Psychological Development informed the study. The study adopted cross-sectional and descriptive research designs, employing mixed concurrent triangulation method of data collection. The target population included all convicted women within the 17 prisons in Kenya. A sample of 350 women participated in the study. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics method while textual thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. The study revealed that majority of women offenders’ criminal behaviors was influenced by: histories of physical abuse- 46.8% in childhood and 51.3% in adulthood; post-traumatic stress disorder indicated 78.95%. Parental distress due to financial constraint was 62.6% and 87% were constantly worried about their children’s future. Understanding these needs influence effective rehabilitation.
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    Gender Responsive Programming Towards the Promotion of Women’s Mental Well-being
    (Archives of Women Health and Care, 2023-10-10) Jacinta Mary Ondeng
    The world of health policy and public health considers the health of women an important topic of focus, and in most cases links the well-being of women to that of children and the family, and, legitimately, to the health of society overall. Moreover over the emphasis is more given to maternal and child health. This perspective is true and well-founded given that women's health is well documented to promotion of the general health of family and everyone in society. The researcher, however notes the otherwise limitation in promoting the general wellbeing of women across the divides in the society. Women offenders fall among the special population groups in our society with dire need for attention towards their overall well-being. Unfortunately, very few studies have focused on who they are and reasons for their incarceration. In fact, the Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) model of offender rehabilitation [1] that has dominated rehabilitation programs globally in the last two decades provides the impression that reasons for criminality in women offenders are similar to those of their male counterparts, but the limited studies on incarceration of women has noted the assumption as erroneous. Thus, globally, the focus of rehabilitation programs for women offenders has often mirrored that of male offenders [2,3].
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    Gender-Responsive Programing in Kenya: Time is Ripe
    (Women & Criminal Justice, 2020-09-29) Jacinta Mary Ondeng
    Globally, gender responsive programming has become a concern for researchers and practitioners alike. Such programs address issues that may hinder offenders’ reentry. This study sought to determine the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs that address the psychological needs of women prisoners in Kenya. The relational theory of women’s psychological development and the Risk-Needs-Responsivity (RNR) model were used to analyze inmate programs in Kenya’s 17 women’s prisons. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used to select 350 participants within the prisons to ask about the programs offered. We found that there is a lack of gender responsive programming in Kenya’s women’s prison, and the rehabilitation programs that are offered within the Kenyan prison system are not effectively addressing women offenders’ unique psychological needs, which contributed to their criminal behaviors.
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    Ownership of Health Data as the new Frontier for the Future of VODAN-Africa
    (Journal of HyoJeong Academia, 2024) Reginald Nalugala; Mirjam Van Reisen
    The Covid19 situation created a state of unequal use of data to produce vaccines. Africa was not in control over sovereign decision-making relating to the health of its citi-zens and to access of the data pertaining to it. The available digital architecture in Africa health facilities allowed data to be siphoned to Europe and the US at will. The purpose of the research is to argue why medical data once created should be held in ownership of the facility where the data is produced under the regulatory framework of the county and national state jurisdiction. This is referred as data that is Findable, Accessible (under well-defined conditions) Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR). The study inventories the addi-tional benefits of FAIR data for health purposes as means to assist Africa generate (self-)employment benefits to many unemployed youths based on the value that data holds in the digital economy. The study was carried out using a case study approach with four health facilities in Kenya, to help identify the contribution of the FAIR data concept to producing a sustainable outcome for health data management in Kenya. The paper dis-cussed the potential challenges which should be overcome to realize the full potential of FAIR data for a sovereign management of the health data in Kenya. Health data remained as an asset for the health facility for providing improved health at point of care. The find-ings show digital health data has an economic value and health benefit if well managed at point of production.
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    An examination of the structural linkages between households and community health services in realization of accelerated primary healthcare delivery in Kisumu County, Kenya: a systematic review
    (F1000Research, 2024-11-13) James M. Wakiaga; Reginald Nalugala
    Background The provision of community health services (CHS) is critical in accelerating primary health care delivery to vulnerable and deprived populations. This systematic review study has been conducted to interrogate the interrelationship between households and community health services in accelerating primary healthcare delivery synthesizing the available empirical studies. The findings are to inform a primary research on structural linkages between households and CHS in Kisumu County, Kenya. Methods This study applied a descriptive approach using a systematic review technique to provide context and substance to the two main research questions: (1) how does the interaction between households and CHWs affect utilization of CHS to promote equity and right to health? (2) How do health-seeking behaviours of households influence their decision-making regarding choices of CHS? We screened the literature from Google scholar, JSTOR, SAGE and EBSCO based on our inclusion criteria, resulting in 21 studies. These studies were assessed for quality and eligibility and data extracted based on relevance to the research study. Results Households place primacy on trust and confidentiality in the interaction with CHWs and this affects uptake of CHS. The social determinants of health are also critical in influencing the healthseeking behaviour of households and individuals and their choice of CHS. The successful models of CHS share the characteristic of community ownership and participation and provides for comprehensive health care teams. Conclusion CHS are critical for the acceleration of primary health care delivery. It forms an important pathway for the achievement of universal health coverage, which is an outcome required for Sustainable Development Goal 3 on health.
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    Citation and Referencing as a Catalyst for Optimizing E-Resource Utilization
    (International Journal of Professional Practice (IJPP), 2023-07-13) Kinoti, Dennis Mwaki; Paul, Maku Gichohi; Winfred, Gatimu
    Sophisticated systems and technologies have led to the proliferation of e-resources and their adoption alongside print media in higher learning institutions, particularly with the rise of e-learning. To ensure effective utilization of e-resources, citation and referencing competences remain integral in graduate students’ research, learning and scholastic achievement. Nonetheless, studies done reveal that e-resources remain underutilized. This study aimed at investigating the role of citation and referencing competences in enhancing e-resource utilization among graduate students in Christian Universities in Nairobi County. Descriptive survey research design was used to gather comprehensive data. Stratified and systematic sampling was employed to select graduate students, and purposive sampling to select librarians. The target population was 843 graduate students and 8 library staff. A 20% sample was selected, resulting to 168 graduate students and 8 librarians. Questionnaires collected data from graduate students and the librarians were interviewed. Thematic analysis was done for qualitative data, which was presented thematically and using verbatim. Quantitative data analysis was conducted using SPSS, employing descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The results were presented in tables and figures. The findings revealed that graduate students showed a strong preference for and effectively utilized a variety of e-resources. Additionally, they demonstrated a satisfactory understanding and application of citation, referencing styles, and reference management software/tools. The Pearson correlation analysis indicated a strong positive linear association. Consequently, the study concluded that citing and referencing significantly affected graduate students’ use of e-resources. Based on these findings, the study recommends mandatory training in citing and referencing for graduate students in Christian universities in Nairobi County. It emphasizes the need to market e-resources, analyze usage statistics, and reassess the library budget. Additionally, attention should be given to mastering referencing, improving citation ability, and utilizing reference management tools/software in a bid to optimizing e-resource use and overall academic success.
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    FACTORS ENHANCING SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT IN RUSINGA SCHOOLS
    (International Academic Journal of Arts and Humanities, 2021-08-21) Nakholi, Beatrice Naburi
    Most schools in developing countries dustbins are used in collecting waste and unfortunately burn the waste in the open. The majority of the schools have inadequate facilities that would help in waste management. The aim of this study was to establish the factors that enhance sustainable waste management in Rusinga schools. A descriptive research design with qualitative and quantitative approaches was used in the study. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires and face to face interviews with a target population of 330 students, 7 staff members of Rusinga School, 9 from County Government of Nairobi and 4 from Taka Taka solutions. The sampling procedure was guided by both probability and non-probability sampling techniques. Findings showed that factors that enhance sustainable waste management include knowledge and skill on waste management, regular collection of garbage, recycling programmes, sorting and collection of garbage and making informed decisions on the goods we use that lead to waste formation. The study observes that knowledge and skill is an essential factor in sustainable waste management in schools.
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    The Effectiveness of Non-Governmental Organizations in Economic Empowerment of Vulnerable Groups in Juba, South Sudan: A Case of World Vision
    (Journal of Research in Innovation and Implications in Education,, 2021-06-11) Muras, Suzy Anong Lomoro; Dzinekou, Dr. Br. Jonas Yawovi; Kimani, Dr. Evans Gacheru
    South Sudan's long civil war and strife has exposed vulnerable groups to socioeconomic challenges that endanger their survival. As a result, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) have been pushed to align their services toward sustainable activities to promote long-term well-being and resilience of the impacted groups. This study sought to examine the effectiveness of NGOs in promoting economic empowerment of vulnerable groups using the case of World Vision in Juba, South Sudan. More specifically, this study aimed to assess the impact of microcredit, training, self-help groups, and cash transfers on economic empowerment of vulnerable groups. This study was anchored on Human Capital Theory, Empowerment Theory and Capabilities Based Approach. Case study design was adopted and sample of 50 beneficiaries drawn from World Vision’s economic empowerment program in Juba, South Sudan was used. Data was collected through interviews and analyzed through thematic analysis. The study found that microcredit services helped vulnerable groups to start income generating activities, training helped vulnerable groups to acquire knowledge and skills and sustain income generating activities, self-help groups supported vulnerable groups in terms of savings and group investments while cash transfer helped vulnerable groups to access basic needs such as food, shelter, education and medical expenses. The study concluded that World Vision-supported economic empowerment interventions were effective in promoting economic wellbeing of vulnerable groups. The researcher proposed that there is urgent need for economic empowerment interventions by the South Sudanese government, NGOs, CBOs, private sectors, and religious institutions to promote resilience of vulnerable groups such as the elderly and disabled.