Institute of Social Transformation

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MANAGERIAL FACTORS INFLUENCING SERVICE DELIVERY OF DONOR FUNDED PROJECTS IN KIENI WEST SUB-COUNTY, NYERI COUNTY
(Tangaza University, 2019-10) JULIAS OUMA AWINO
Donor funded projects are very important in improving the standard of life and development in a given community. This study aimed to investigate managerial factors influencing the service delivery of donor funded projects in Kieni West sub-county in Nyeri County. The study objectives include: to establish influence of staffing on service delivery of donor funded projects in Kieni West Sub-county, Nyeri County; to investigate influence of funding on service delivery of donor funded projects in Kieni West Sub-county, Nyeri County; to examine influence of community support on service delivery of donor funded projects in Kieni West Sub-county, Nyeri County; and to assess influence of communication on service delivery of donor funded projects in Kieni West Sub-county, Nyeri County. The study adopted mixed research method. The study deployed use of descriptive research design. A sample size of 230 subjects were used. Questionnaire and interview guide were used in data collection. Quantitative data has been presented using simple frequencies and percentages, figures and tables. The research was able to show that some of the employees are not skilled hence training programs should be initiated to help empower the staff members; funds are not distributed on time, and some of the funds are embezzled, therefore there is a need to have proper accountability of funds with appropriate budget drawn to help in the budget allocation and distribution of funds; there has been some level of community participation, even though this needs to be strengthened as it will help in bringing all members on board and making them feel part of the projects. And finally, the research findings showed that even though there was some level of communication, this need to be expanded as it would help in creating awareness between the donors and the staff together with the beneficiaries of the donor funded projects in Kieni West Sub County. The study is expected to contribute knowledge in the area of managerial factors influencing service delivery of donor funded projects. The study is an eye opener to policy makers in enhancing good service delivery of donor funded projects in Kenya.
FACTORS LEADING TO CONFLICTS IN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT: THE CASE OF DANDORA DUMPSITE IN NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA
(Tangaza University, 2019-08) KAMALA PIYABALO
The purpose of this study was to explore the socio-economic factors leading to conflicts in managing solid waste in Dandora. Waste management has become a lucrative business for the survival of Kenyan society because of extreme poverty and social imbalance. This leads to a conflict of interest among stakeholders intervening in waste management. The study used social conflict theory and waste management theory. The study adopted a correlative research design and mixed methods (qualitative and quantitative) were used to present the relationship between socio-economic factors and conflict in waste management. The research used random sampling technique to select 359 participants responded to questionnaire survey because the number of waste collector and cartels is unknown and 40 respondents were interviewed. The researcher did 7 days observation on the dumpsite. The interview schedule and questionnaires survey were administrated to the local community, City County of Nairobi, interest and organized group, and waste collectors in the private and public sector. The SPSS package version 21 was used for the regression analysis to determine the relationship between socio-economic factors and conflict in waste management for quantitative data and thematic analysis was used to categorize different topics and determine major themes for qualitative data. The key finds for social factors are unemployment, weakness of authorities, and insecurity, social imbalance, and women rape, lack of awareness. The key findings for economic factors are conflict of interest, competition, corruption, and economic control, for instance, 63.1% of the respondents strongly agreed that the relocation of the dumpsite will affect them economically. And 60% of the respondents are against to the displacement of the dumpsite from Dandora and 37.5% want the dumpsite to be relocated because of its negative effect. For example, six respondents said that the dumpsite is a hideout for criminals who kill and commit robberies in the neighborhood. The hypotheses tested confirmed that socio-economic factors are the main causes of conflict in waste management. Therefore, the study recommends that the government should provide permanent security in the dumpsite, and offer the popular education and free education for the community living around the dumpsite of Dandora. The government of Kenya should provide decent and affordable housing system for the vulnerable household. The Nairobi County government should create job opportunities by introducing the waste management technology which will transform the dumpsite to waste industry. The government should elaborate proper policies in waste management and specifically Dandora dumpsite. For the action plan, the researcher plans the advocacy for social justice based on the equal access for free education for most of the vulnerable of Dandora. The researcher intends to reach County government of Nairobi and parliament to advocate for vulnerable street children of Dandora and victims of negative effects of the dumpsite of Dandora.
Effective Pastoral Leadership in The Small Christian Communities for Evangelization in Tigania Deanery, Meru Catholic Diocese, Kenya
(Tangaza University College, 2019) Muthamia, Stephen Mbae
Leading others is a challenge, a great opportunity which includes serious responsibilities. This requires one to be passionate when serving people, it also calls for skills, commitment and great sacrifice to evangelize the people. However this does not seem to be the case in pastoral leadership of Meru catholic Diocese in Tigania Deanery. The research identified pastoral leadership skills needed for effective evangelization in the small Christian communities in Tigania Deanery, Meru Diocese. The general objective of this study was to investigate into the required skills and competencies needed in pastoral leadership for effective participatory and responsive leadership in Tigania Deanery, and to come up with action plan on how to equip leaders with those skills. The research has dealt with a review of the available literature, which demonstrates the need to cultivate skills and competencies for effective evangelizing Christians in Tigania deanery in Meru Diocese. The study employed both qualitative and quantitate research methods. The researcher used mixed method design, qualitative design that enabled to analyze the data using frequencies table, and in-depth interviews. Quantitative design we use the questionnaire to help the researcher get statistical data analysis. The researcher used purposive and random sampling methods of qualitative research. Simple random and purposive sampling procedures were used during data collection. That enables research to take place in the communities. The structure of investigation conceived helped in obtaining answers to questions. Data analysis was done using SPSS that used descriptive statistics. The findings on effective pastoral leadership for evangelizations expressed, lacks skills and competencies. The findings confirmed that pastoral leaders in Tigania deanery lacks leadership skills for evangelizing effectively in the SCCs. The findings could draw conclusion that it is important for pastoral leaders to undergo training programs because most of them have been chosen yet they absolutely lack leadership skills. More comprehensive studies should be undertaken to include a larger population in order to ascertain whether effective pastoral leadership in the SCCs in the Diocese is apostolate oriented.
Challenges Facing Urban Refugees in Running Small Scale Businesses: A Case of Great Lakes Refugees in Nairobi County
(Tangaza University College, 2017) Maina, Charles Githua
The main objective of this research was to study the challenges facing the urban Great Lakes Refugees doing small scale businesses in Nairobi County - Kenya. The study examined whether the great lakes refugees had legal documents, whether they were able to access finance for small scale businesses, whether they faced security issues while trading in Nairobi County and whether they had capacity to access the market for their products. The study attempted to explain how the urban great lakes refugees acquired and faced the challenges in search of livelihood. A situational analysis was carried out as the background for the formulation of the research problem and a systematic review of literature was conducted to establish the theoretical and conceptual framework. The study methodology used was a combination of both qualitative and quantitative research design. Population of urban great lakes refugees was 468 and those doing small scale businesses were 197. Purposive sampling was used to select 60 respondents to fill the questionnaires, where later four Focused Groups Discussions (FDGs) comprising ten members each were carried out for the verification and complementarity of the questionnaires responses. The data analysis was done using descriptive statistics while inferential statistics were used to draw conclusions from the collected data and presented using pie charts, bar graphs, frequency tables and percentages. This was done through Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) and Ms Excel. The found that very view urban great lakes refugees had proper legal documents to allow them live and work in Nairobi County, thus living majority of them hidden “illegally” in the public fabric. They involved themselves with all manner of small scale businesses for livelihood. These businesses had no legal permits since they were not registered with the relevant County authorities. They also faced great challenges in accessing finances/loans for start-ups or for growth of their businesses. Majority had received small amount of cash from TUSA only once, which was insufficient and had no capacity to acquire more due to repayment challenges or lack of collateral for the same. They had no capacity to acquire finance from government institutions. On the other hand, those who were venturing into businesses had high challenges on book keeping skills for they lacked financial and management skills. Great lakes refugees living in Nairobi (City) County, faced numerous security issues. These included arrests by police officers, harassment, intimidation, threats, sexual abuse, assaults, thefts and tribal conflicts. They were arrested, harassed and beaten by security agents and money was demanded from them. They faced the similar security challenges from the local citizens. These challenges were attributed to lack or delays in issuing refugee status legal documentations. Closure of Department of Refugee Affairs and fear of deportations blocked majority of refugees from seeking registration or renewal of their documents. The great lakes refugees in small scale businesses faced a challenge to accessing the market and depending with the kinds of products they traded, they took between one to thirty days in selling away their products. Refugees in the urban centres in Nairobi County faced societal challenges too. These included language barriers, lack of formal education, ethnic differences from fellow refugees. They lacked sufficient knowledge or awareness of refugee Acts or policies that facilitated their rights as human persons and therefore the society took advantage of this over them. The study also attempted to analyse the relationship faith and experiences in order to understand how faith, wisdom, experience, traditions and general knowledge kept the refugees moving on with life. The study ended by proposing participatory action – oriented plan and strategies based on short and long term plans. These included meetings, seminars/training workshops, language training, small group’s kitty, creating networks/alliances/collaboration/partnership, lobbying and advocacy, visibility campaigns, co-operative formations, budgeting/fundraising, on- going research, monitoring and evaluation and finally integration programme. All these are aimed to achieve Social Transformation for urban refugees in Nairobi County.
The Relationship Between Social Human Rights for Police Officers and Corruption in The Police Service in Kenya
(Tangaza University College, 2018) Njenga, Wilson Kinyanjui
This study focused on establishing the relationship between social human rights and corruption in the police service in Kenya. The study was guided by four objectives: first, to identify the level of knowledge of social human rights; to establish the level of corruption perception; to assess the condition of the right to adequate standards of living to investigate the level of the right to freedom of association among the police officers in Kenya. The research was conducted within Nairobi area. The research was guided by universality of human rights theory and human rights-based approach to development as its models and theoretical framework. Game theory was also used to guide in understanding corruption as a practice. Universality and human rights-based approach to development models argues that at the heart of any considerable development, human rights issues should be put in place. Descriptive research design with qualitative and quantitative approaches was used in the study. Administration Police officers working in Security of Government Buildings (S.G.B) unit Nairobi area was the target group. The research used a sampled population 100 police officers with different ranks, work experiences and duties. The research used cluster sampling method which involved dividing the population, in this case police officers, into groups (S.G.B) unit which follows random selection from the cluster. Data collected was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed to generate information of what the respondents answered based on the questionnaires which were both open and closed ended. The study found out that there was some relationship between social human rights and corruption in police service where; increase in lack of proper observance of social human rights for police officers, there is increase in the levels of corruption. Specifically, the study found out that the level of knowledge of social human rights was low and the levels of perception on corruption were high. The study further revealed that the standards of living among the police officers were inadequate. The extent of the exercise of freedom of association among the police officers was low where most police officers were not members or even did not know of existence of any formed associations. The study proposed both short- and long-term action plan as redress measure. The short-term action plan was to carry out seminars, trainings and workshops as a way of creating awareness about social human rights for police officers and corruption. The focus of these activities would be leadership within the national Police service and the members of the police service as well as the relevant government bodies. The long-term plan was to lobby and advocate for increase of police associations, more engagements with the government to have legalization that enables the police officers enjoy their social human rights. Collaboration and networking with likeminded organization would be another form of action plan to put pressure of the government for the implementation of challenges facing issues around the social human rights for police officers. The study further proposed visibility campaigns through contributing articles in newspapers, magazines, and journals as well as holding talks on social media. More research in this field would be a powerful tool to be recommended to other scholars in universities that could bring alternatives ways and methods of understanding corruption and reducing it in police service in Kenya.
Managing Not-For-Profit Organisations For Financial Sustainability: A Case Study of Koinonia Community’s Social Projects, Nairobi County, Kenya
(Tangaza University College, 2015) Chege, Muchiri Simon
Financial sustainability for Not-for-Profit organizations has long been of interest to not-for-profit organization leaders, current and potential donors, and the communities that not-for-profits serve. However, not-for-profits face a myriad of challenges in establishing and maintaining financial sustainability. In an effort to improve the sustainability and performance of Koinonia Community, the researcher conducted an explanatory qualitative study to establish a strategic plan of action. Through snowball sampling, a sample of 20 (16.67%) respondents out of 120 target population was interviewed. The respondents provided quality information regarding operations, management, financial constraints and possible mechanism that can enhance sustainability. The major findings depicted Koinonia Community as donor dependent organization which has potential to generate revenues through social value initiatives. Its organizational structure was described as consistent and rigid. Thus, to champion change for effective management for financial sustainability, so strategic mechanisms were proposed. These include a “culture of giving”; promotion of community to leadership; change of internal organization environment; and incorporation of innovative fundraising techniques. The researcher backed these social transformative approaches with religious motivation to increase the synergy in the new emerging organization. This would transform the agents (managers) into stewards who foster Koinonia Community’s agenda to advocate for social economic empowerment of the marginalized communities.
An Investigation of Role of Boards of Management in Provision of Quality Education
(Tangaza University College, 2015) Baptista Mungai, Irungu John
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of boards of management in provision of quality education (case of financial management in public secondary schools in Gatanga Sub County in Murang’a County, Kenya). The body entrusted to oversee the governance and management of public secondary school is board of management. The research objectives aimed at identifying the role of boards of management in public secondary schools in Gatanga Sub County; finding out the extent to which school finances are mismanaged in public secondary schools in Gatanga Sub County and their root causes; finding out ways towards quality education in Gatanga Sub County public secondary schools; finding out possible solutions towards good governance and financial management of public secondary schools in Gatanga Sub County. The researcher used descriptive survey to illustrate the structure of the research. The researcher used both qualitative and quantitative paradigms of study to investigate the problem statement. The target population of the study was 12 public secondary schools in Gatanga Sub County. Out of the 12 targeted schools all participated in the study. The school principals, school deputy principal, BOM chairpersons, PA chairpersons and School bursar constituted the respondents. Each school was expected to have 5 respondents making a total of 60 respondents and only 42 participated. Stratified sampling procedure was used and probability sampling technique to select 1 principal, 1 deputy, Chairperson BOM and Chairperson PA and school bursar; making a total of 5 respondents from each school of the 12 schools out of 40 public secondary schools making it 30 % population size. The researcher also use purposive sampling for better representation. The researcher used structured and unstructured questions based on the objectives this research. The raw data collected was analyzed through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 21 for windows and presented using tables, pie charts and graphs. The key findings was that majority respondent reported being contented by the role of boards of management in their respective schools. The finding indicated the need to create awareness of the roles and functions of the board of management. Participatory monitoring and social accountability was operational in most schools. Motive, opportunity and unethical orientation were pointed to be factors influencing bad governance and financial mismanagement in public secondary school. While cheating and deceit, waste and financial mismanagement, fraud and stealing were other elements detected in most public schools. The value of education was high among the responds despite the poor performance in academics in Gatanga Sub County. Pedagogical process and professional practices were identified as major determining factors toward quality education. The study findings established that bad governance and financial mismanagement of school resources affected area such as academic performance due to mismanagement of time; while high expenditures resulted from high wastage observed in most schools. The researcher recommendations included regular empowerment programmes and capacity building; transparency and accountability, and regular auditing of financial statements and proper recording; reinforcement of financial control systems and use of information computer technology; alternative resource mobilization to improve the infrastructure in existence; proper internal monitoring, regular assessment and supervision by Education Officers; development plan identifying key projects according to the need of the each school, implementation plans and comprehensive evaluation.
Influence of Clericalism on Collaboration for Effective Service Delivery: A Case Study of Nyeri Catholic Archdiocese Kenya
(Tangaza University College, 2017) Maina, Wanjohi Patrick
This study sought to explore the influence of clericalism on service delivery in the Catholic Church. Specifically, the study aimed to investigate the influence of clericalism on collaboration for effective service delivery in Nyeri Catholic Archdiocese in Kenya. The following specific objectives were set: (a) to test the extent to which hierarchical structure and patriarchal nature influences collaboration for service delivery, (b) to explore the extent to which seminary education influences collaboration for service delivery, (c) to find out the extent to which ontological change and relative independence influences collaboration for service delivery. The study used both qualitative and quantitative design. The data for the study was collected from a sample of 32 priests, 16 lay leaders groups from parishes and 4 groups of religious men and women through questionnaires, interviews and focus group discussions. Data from the questionnaire was recorded into Statistical Package for Social Sciences and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Data from focus group discussions and interviews was analyzed using thematic analysis. The study found out that hierarchical structure and patriarchal nature influences collaboration for service delivery, b) seminary education influences collaboration for service delivery, (c) ontological change and relative independence influences collaboration for service delivery. Based on the findings, the study recommended the following: (a) setting up of structures for collaboration, (b) training on personality types, and (c) training on collaborative ministry. Further, the study proposed future studies on the traditional belief of the church on the ontological change of the clergy.
Socio-Economic Factors Affecting Holistic Rehabilitation of Street Children in Mathare Constituency-Nairobi County, Kenya
(Tangaza University College, 2018-05) Muriithi, Kamara Simon
The dynamics of holistic rehabilitation of street children are complex and solutions to challenge posed by this phenomenon requires a study to establish how to tackle it. In Mathare Constituency, the challenges facing institutions involved in this task are not any different. This study sought to establish the socio-economic factors affecting the holistic rehabilitation of street children in Mathare constituency that is an informal settlement within Nairobi County. The main objective was to assess how healthcare services, educational services, managers’ competences, caregivers’ characteristics and availability of funds affect holistic rehabilitation of street children in Mathare Constituency. The target population was one hundred and sixty five (165) that included caregivers, managers, former rehabilitated children, primary caregivers and teachers from the charitable children institutions within Mathare Constituency. The sample size for the study was 116 participants. The participants of the study were selected using purposive random, simple random and snowball sampling techniques. The study used a descriptive survey design whereby quantitative and qualitative methods were integrated. The researcher used semi-structured interviews and questionnaires to collect data for the study. The data was summarized, coded and tabulated using Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 2.1 for windows. The study established that the healthcare services offered to street children were adequate 78 % (n=7) and effective 67% (n=6) as the children institution staffs involved experts in serving children. The educational services offered were found to be adequate 90 % (n=17) and effective 76% (n=17) due to teachers’ effective teaching methods and role modelling that enhanced those services. The study also found 50% (n=2) of managers experienced but lacking, educational qualifications required by the government. The study likewise found out that majority of caregivers 80% (n=7) had attained required trainings but the primary caregivers had no opportunity to further their trainings. The children institutions got funds from government, civil society and international donors where the latter contributed three quarters of the funds needed. The study findings indicate, there was 75% (n=3) of street children who were enabled to adapt into the community. The study recommends the improvement of the services offered by these institutions in order to achieve holistic rehabilitation of street children. The study also recommends that the government and international bodies, to increase their support to institutions involved in the rehabilitation of street children as the resources are inadequate. The study also recommends that these institutions pursue local collaborations and partnership in order to enhance their services. Finally, the study recommends further studies with a bigger sample and intervening variables inclusion in Kenya in order to establish findings that can help solve the problem of street children’s holistic rehabilitation.
Improving the Standards of Living Using Petroleum Revenue: The Case of Koch County, Unity State, South Sudan
(Tangaza University College, 2018) Gatpan, Thoar Gideon
This study sought to determine the extent to which petroleum revenue had been used to improve the standards of living in Koch County, Unity State, South Sudan. The study was guided by four specific objectives which were to determine the extent to which 2% state share of petroleum revenue has been used to improve the standards of living; explore the extent to which 3% community share of petroleum revenue has been used to improve the standards of living; examine the extent to which Community Development Fund from petroleum revenue has been used to improve the standards of living; and discuss the extent to which Community Compensation Package from petroleum revenue has been used to improve the standards of living. The study adopted a descriptive research design with both quantitative and qualitative approaches to collect data. The target group for this study was Koch County. The sample size for the study composed of 371 heads of households, 33 officials from the county government and 17 managers from Sud Petroleum Operating Company. The research used purposive sampling. Data collected was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed to generate information of what respondents answered based on open and closed-ended questions in questionnaires which were administered to them. Qualitative data was systematic organized into manageable units and coded under particular themes as per the objectives of the study. Quantitative data was coded, analysed and summarized using descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages and tables. Several indicators were identified as guiding principles towards measuring the objectives. The study found out that the main cause to lack of implementing the state share of petroleum revenues is the weak systems of governance characterized by political instability, lack of political will, rampant corruption and social injustices. Therefore, the study proposes a transformative action plan to address petroleum revenue. To promote accountability and transparency in the management of petroleum revenue, all stakeholders must be involved. The government must be sensitized to encourage community participation in decision making processes. The government at all levels must ensure that petroleum policies are disseminated among the people living in the petroleum producing states and that awareness training on safety has been achieved. Seminars, trainings, workshops, visibility campaigns, research and advocacy is the action plan.

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