Lived Experiences of Mothers of Children with Mental Illnesses: A Case Study of Mukuru Kwa Ruben Center in Nairobi, Kenya

Abstract

This study analysed the experiences of mothers with children diagnosed with mental illnesses at the Mukuru Kwa Ruben Centre in Nairobi, Kenya. The study aimed to understand mothers' views on the causes of mental health disorders, their preferred treatment methods, and the coping strategies they employ. The study employs the social constructivism theoretical framework, utilizing the Health Belief Model (HBM) to examine health perceptions and beliefs, alongside the Family Systems Theory (FST) to explore the impact of family dynamics on caregiving. A qualitative phenomenological methodology was employed, involving semistructured interviews with eight mothers of children experiencing mental health challenges, such as autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, foetal alcohol spectrum disorder, and cerebral palsy. The mothers were deliberately selected from those in attendance at the centre. The data were collected in English and Kiswahili and then analysed thematically. The findings indicate that mothers possess varying perspectives on mental illness, significantly influenced by their cultural and spiritual beliefs. Some individuals believe that mental health issues stem from supernatural influences, ancestral curses, or moral shortcomings. This notion influences their caregiving approach and the treatment options they select. Many mothers acknowledge the importance of professional mental health services, even though accessibility remains a challenge. These findings emphasize the need for culturally sensitive mental health interventions that integrate traditional beliefs with evidence-based practices, improve access to affordable professional care, and promote community education to address stigma and misconceptions. The research offers helpful suggestions for policymakers, mental health professionals, and support organizations to improve support systems for families affected by mental illnesses.