Institute of Social Transformation

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Communication
(Tangaza University College, 1996) Mwaniki, Esther N.
As human beings we possess many skills, gifts and graces. All these originate trom who is the giver of everything. Among all these gifts and skills, communication is most significant and useful. l am mostly concerned with the efficiency with which one shaws his or her opinions, ideas and feelings with other people. Through communication we interact with others, learn about them and ieveal ourselves to them. U is through communication that our personal relationships are established, maintained and sometimes destroyed and repaired. We create relationships with people in many ways through speaking, story telling, gestures, dances, dramas and rituals. In Africa we have rich cuain41 means of communication that should be retained and promoted. Today there are new means of communication. They are available to us in the form it television, radio, books and newspapers. These are called mass media. 'They connect us vvali people all over the world. For example by telephone and tax we are instantly in coward with people who are far away, These means of comnumication are vital to us today. They affect the way we think i. feel, pray, live and look at life. The modern means of communication change our way or feeling, reacting and living often without realizing it'. In different gatherings we interact with people-solving problems, developing new id, is and sharing knowledge and experiences. All in all we live and function in a society based un communication. Without the ability to communicate i.e. to speak, write, listen and read. of us would live in isolation, set apart from our fellow human beings.
Spirituality As A Common Ground For Dialogue in Mission
(Tangaza University College, 1997-02) Pals, Wilfred
I grew up in an environment where most people are not Christian. There are people who belong to various Hindu spiritual traditions in its diversity and people who practice Islamic spirituality. As a student in primary school I had not given much thought to this question of differences. But as! grew up in my Christian faith this whole question of different religious traditions began to bother me. I hope that it will continue to bother me so that I may find some, if not convincing, at least satisfactory answers. It is up to each individual to find some answers or to give some kind of meaning to one's existence in one's own unique way. Today there is lot of attention given to the spiritual dimension of religion. At the dawn of the third millennium religious belief is intensifying worldwide. Most of humankind believe their lives have meaning and purpose. This conviction is the essential message of all religions. When people are overcome by change, the need for spiritual belief intensifies. The thinking of the 19th century philosopher Friedreich Nietzsche, which culminated in the propagation of the "God is dead" philosophy, is being repudiated by the powerful counter trend of religious revival. Even the blind faith that was placed in science and technology is being challenged by many. They have come to the realization that science and technology do not reveal what life means. This is learned through literature, arts and spirituality. In the light of present tragic experiences, people everywhere have begun to ask "how reasonable is reason", if the employment of its maximum potential for the creation of new technology does not guarantee that it can prevent the irrational use of such technology. Today's post modern nihilism, proclaims the trivialization of existence. People who have experienced the catastrophes based on human self-sufficiency are afraid of such an attitude. AS a result of several influences "spirituality" has come to be seen as a more integrated and integrative dimension of the life of faith. Today there is a greater awareness of the need for the interface of many religious traditions and cultures. There is no doubt that each is aware of one's own separate identity but at the same time there is a realization of the global interconnection of all. Both od these elements have led people to see spirituality as a way of life. Since Vatican 11, the Catholic Church has experienced a renewed interest in spirituality that covers a wide range of elements: the primacy of religious experience; biblical spirituality; renewed liturgy; recovery of its tradition's spiritual classics; interest in Eastern forms of the spiritual life; the relationship between spirituality and psychology; liberation and feminist spiritualities; mysticism and so on. The term "spirituality" has become so popular that many things are said about it. It has undergone an astounding expansion in the last few decades. Before Vatican II it was an almost exclusively Roman Catholic term. Today it has been adopted by Protestantism, Judaism, non-Christian religions, and even by secular movements like Feminism and Marxism. Though difficult to define, it is experienced as analogous in all of these movements. The term no longer refers exclusively, or even primarily, to prayer and spiritual exercises, much less to an elite state or superior practice of Christianity. From its original reference to the "interior life" of the person, usually a cleric or religious, who was 'striving for perfection' that was beyond the scope of the 'ordinary' believer, the term has broadened to connote the whole of the life of faith and even the life of the person as a whole, including its bodily, psychological, social and political dimensions.' One of the important characteristics of spirituality (which is noted in this essay) is that it cannot be neatly simplified. One can understand it and foster one's own spirituality and the spirituality of others. Spirituality, despite the general confusion about its meaning, is a subject which can no longer be politely ignored by the Church which would prefer a less 'emotional' approach to faith. Today, we are increasingly aware of the thirst for spirituality and its importance in the dialogue with non-Christian religions. Hence, in this paper, I am concerned to show how relevant this whole idea of 'spirituality' is today. I would like to make a humble effort to show how spirituality can work as a common ground for dialogue (which is so much spoken and written about) in the practice of our missionary mandate. In the paper I have resorted to many sources to present the available evidence on what I wish to develop. The paper will be conditioned by the culture(Indian) in which I have lived and by my limited knowledge and experience.
African Debt Crisis
(Tangaza University College, 1997-04) Gonzalez, Armando Ramos
The Third World debt crisis has been dragging on for over 15 years'. In 1990, the Third World debt exceeded a trillion dollars. With dimension so gargantuan, one wonders if it is not beyond hope and repair. In the face of so many issues, why should we look to the Third World debt? Debt is first and foremost a human problem. It both directly and indirectly affects the lives of people all around the globe. The dignity of persons, the sacredness of life, the bonds of community, the concern for the poor, all this is assaulted by the debt crisis. To live responsibly as a global citizen today one cannot ignore the extent and consequences of the global debt. Africa is the continent most affected by the debt crisis. By November 1992, Africa's total debt was then the equivalent to more than 100% of the continent's GNP. Latin America's total debt, in comparison, was equivalent to 50% of her GNP. Of the total debt servicing payment coining from Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding Nigeria) nearly 30% of it goes to paying loans given by private banks.2 This essay is going to present a picture of the African debt problem in order to encourage the Churches and Christians to consider the problem as a human problem and therefore a problem which can be considered in the pastoral programmes of the churches. Because it affects the lives of the poor. African debt crisis is a pastoral problem to be known. The first Chapter deals with the actual situation and an historical overview of African Debt Crisis. Chapter two explains the causes and effects of debt problem in the lives of the people, above all, the poor. Economic effects are presented separately in the third chapter. The ethical aspects are considered in the fourth chapter. Can the African debt be paid? It is a difficult question. The fifth chapter presents a possible solutions taking into account the "worldly", Christian and social ministry approaches. It is the goal of this paper to provide stimulation to encourage the faithful, the church hierarchies and everyone who feels concern with the gospel of Christ to be informed about a real pastoral problem which can make the future of our generation unbearable.
Impact of Development on Environment
(Tangaza University College, 1997-04) Dzinda, Eddie
The purpose of this paper, is precisely to investigate the relationship between human development activities and environment. The research is purposely made technical as an attempt to put to surface the reason why so many people, organizations and nations are particularly worried about this issue. To reach to this point we shall historically trace some development activities of our fore-fathers in relationship to their contact with die environment. This shall be coined with an investigation of the modes they used to conserve nature. A combination of these two aspects form our first chapter. The second chapter is the central theme of our discussion. In this part we shall try to see main causes of environmental degradation. Attracted by the call of the Pope John Paul H, ( in his encyclical, Sollicitudo Rei Socialltis) in which he calls for a global respect for nature. The pope realized that the natural resources are limited and using them as if they are not exhaustible would seriously endanger their existence, thus denying a God-given access to nature for both present and future generation. In this case we shall attempt to spontaneously highlight the need for a true solidarity with the future generation. To come up with information, we employed some few techniques. The teclmique used is mainly empirical observation and recorded material. The first and departing point of this paper is based on observation. In this area a deductive procedure played a vital rule because we have drawn the general principles and leading ideas from what we observed to particular areas of environmental degradation. Our approach was also analytical, in that several terms, notions and details were scrutinized in the areas that suited our paper only. We also used a comparative approach for we went back to history and compared the past activities with the gravity of the present. In spite of this, it should be borne in mind that this paper is not exhaustive in it's own nature, It is a starting point for further future reflections to be made in this area.
Technology Transfer and Some Repercussions in Kenya
(Tangaza University College, 1997-04) Sequeira, Marvin
The present work does not pretend to exhaust all the implications, advantages and disadvantages that the transference of technology implies, especially for the countries of the Third World. This work is just a modest attempt to illustrate some of the repercussions that such transference has caused to the different social dimensions focusing briefly on the Kenya reality. The first chapter presents the process that technology has experienced along history. It is just a fast view that embraces a short definition, the relation between science and technology and some of its historical steps. This historical overview ends up with a short assessment on the destructive effects that technology in its modem development brought to the I and II World War. The social control generated by technological elites is mentioned in this first chapter as hindrance to the access of the minorities to power that derives from technological acquisition. With this social repercussion, some cultural values have been affected tremendously by Western values that have not taken into consideration local values, neither the philosophical and mystical dimension of some cultural settlements. These repercussions are briefly explained in this section. A fashionable term in nowadays is the fighting for Social Justice. Some lines are dedicated to the analysis of this reality that has been touched also by the transference of modern technology Social Justice has been treated as a crucial element for the equilibrium in the access of the minorities to the fruits that come from the progress and from the modernisation of social structures It is considered as well the fact that if technology transfer is maker of job opportunities, it could also by means of automation contribute to labour displacement. The last part of this chapter presents the definition, applicability and advantages of what is called Appropriate Technology. Since Appropriate Technology pretends to respect existent technology and local values here it is treated as an eventual way or factor of development for the Third World countries. The second and third chapter wants to land on some concrete situations where this technology transfer was adopted. Some samples of the Kenyan reality have been taken to illustrate the mechanisms most used for such transference and the fear of risking of some local companies before the sometimes very heavy conditions that trasnationals companies imposed over their recipients. For countries with scarce technological recourses and very little capital, the most suitable way for their technological and economical development may be the adaptation and actualisation of the modern technology coming from abroad to the already existent technology. This adaptation is presented as an important factor for the design of local manufacture that in the long run would help to the growth of the local industry. Such technology adaptation can be perceived more clearly in the so called Informal Sector. The Jua Kali phenomenon is growing rapidly. Its capacity of adapting and duplicating foreign technology to the local cond,it ions give this sector the potential to be a major contributor to the economic development arid technological advancement of Kenya .The technology used by artisans in this sector is eit ler upgraded traditional technology or intermediate technology. In this last section a general gl Ince at the situation of the informal sector will drive our attention by means of some concret examples to the repercussions and the challenge that technology transfer has meant for those who claimed to belong to the Jua Kali groups These instances present not only an indi ;erious creation but in some cases adaptation, which testifies both to the inventiveness of the local people and to their capacity for developing technology.
Rural Urban Migration In Kenya
(Tangaza University College, 1997-04) Bozza, Claudio
The process of rural-urban migration now under way in Kenya involves a rapid shift of people towards the larger towns, especially Nairobi and Mombasa. The movement is massive and involves all kinds of people-young, old, male, female, the educated and the illiterate, the landless, and those with large holdings. Moreover, in the last couple of years, the degree of migration has increased very rapidly with the level of educational attainment, and Nairobi attracts a very large share of those with secondary or higher education. Robert Mc Namara former President of World Bank said: "The cities are filling up and urban unemployment steadily grows... The 'marginal men', the wretched strugglers for survival on the fringes of farm and city, may already number more than half a billion, by 1990 two billion. Can we imagine any human order surviving with so gross a mass of misery piling up at its baser.' And again, Edgar 0. Edwards, reports on Employment in Developing Countries said: "We are firmly persuaded that the most fundamental and promising attract on employment problems in development countries is in efforts to redress the present urban bias in development strategies".2 The issue of migration is not only a challenge to Kenya, but it is a real problem to all African countries as well. Kenya, one of the African nations, gives me an opportunity to research and reflect into the issue, and to analyse its repercussion on this important social phenomenon. The dictionary of Social Science, defines migration as the spatial mobility or geographic mobility of individuals or groups of people, which has distinguishing characteristics such as: a change of usual place of residence across a defined administrative boundary or an origin and a destination, with an interval or duration of residence.3 The concept of migration excludes moves made by persons without a fixed place of residence i.e. nomads, or short-term trips which involve no change of residence, such as seasonal moves, journey to work or to school. Therefore, those who have moved from their place of origin or previous residence to other places are known as migrants, and those who remain at the original residence being non-migrants or stayers, are not considered migrants. However, one may wonder why I chose this topic of rural-urban migration. Since I am a Missionary Brother in the Catholic Church and undertaking Social Ministry course, it is my duty and responsibility to understand and to reflect upon this social phenomenon which is affecting so many people in the country where 1 am called to work and serve as Social Minister. The other important thing to note is that the question of migration is a problem which affects our present generation; therefore, if it is not addressed now, we missionaries are not inserting ourselves into the realty of people we are living with. Such a mistake could be a disastrous social affair for next generation. On the other hand, if it is addressed today, there is hope that this problem can be lessened in the coming future and our participation as missionaries will be recognised by the people. These are the main reasons why I decided to delve into this issue of rural-urban migration in Kenya. In addressing this issue of migration in Kenya, I am I am going to use the see, judge, and act methodology. Hence, to help myself applying this methodology: I have used some sources of information which fall, at any time in one or the other of the above categories. The first part of this paper shows the present situation and its phenomenon with the following sections: 1) the characteristics of the migrants 2) motivations and causes for migrations 3) the impact of migration 4) general considerations regarding the impact of labour migration. From this general overview of the situation in Kenya, the paper focuses on the reasons causing the issue in presenting the aspects of 1) migration and urban unemployment 2) structural influence on rural-urban migration 3) urban informal sector and migrants. The third part of the paper is tries to identify some concrete aspects in order to promote integral rural development with the following sections: 1) reduce imbalances in ruralurban employment opportunities 2) elimination factor price distortion 3) integral rural development. Finally, I conclude with my own personal reflection and summary. I am aware that this research paper does not address every aspect of the issue of migration in Kenya. However, this can be a starting point for myself and those who wish to do more research on this challenging issue.
The Food Crisis In Sub-Saharan Africa
(Tangaza University College, 1997-05) Kabagambe, Vincent K.
Food is the prime sustainer of human life. Yet, no other region in the world finds itself so haunted by food insecurity. While Latin America's per capita food production is rising and population growth rates decreasing, exactly the reverse is true of Africa. Whereas health improvements elsewhere are recorded, drought and famine continue to impair the health of Sub-Sahara's enormous populations, particularly its children and elderly. By 1985. some 150 million African - more than a third of the region's population - depended partially or totally on imported food. Even currently, the World Bank estimates 60% of these human lives as consumers of fewer calories than required for normal life. This helps to explain why 5 million children in Africa die every year and another 5 million are crippled permanently by malnutrition and hunger. If this essay will expose the depth of the food crisis, in order to trigger useful responses from its readers, then its purpose will not have been in vain. This Essay seeks to address the complex question. What has gone wrong in Africa? It does so from one, but nevertheless vital angel: The Food and Agricultural sector. Space and time have restricted me to a summary discussion of the defects in the structures and systems of this sector typical of Sub-Saharan Africa; and also the factors judged to be responsible for people's inaccessibility to adequate food supplies. I selected Kenya as a case study of specific constraints that block achieving food security. A series of significant issues were then underlined as crucial to Kenya's food security. It is important to note that this essay claims neither strict professional nor exhaustive treatment of the topic. For instance, no marine food sources were discussed, statistical computations and inferences are minimal. Specifically, the scope of this project has sought to be informative on the need to transform structures, factors and systems that render food security an illusion for Africa. Basically, the research design (method of data collection and analysis) is largely random. This means that when referring to Sub-Saharan Africa, every country within this population (region) has the same or equal change of being considered as a case for reference. South Africa and Nigeria are not components of the population. Even in the case of Kenya, all data is provided on a random basis. The data for the research project was all gathered and summarised either as deductions from already published researches, documents or papers; or as personal perceptions and syntheses on the subject. Tables and figures in the text were borrowed from sources given in footnotes.
Mukuru Promotion Centre
(Tangaza University College, 1998) Meheretab, Lula
The project paper was-canied-eut-at the Mulcuru Promotion Center as a study case during the long holidays. The Mukuru project was very important for a social minister to be immersed or experience for future ministry. The project personnel is made up of social workers and community development workers. The project paper mainly deals with the different features that is; its history, scope of the study area, methodology study and analysis, problem factors or analysis, problem, organizational structure; long term and short term strategies, the project activities and planing approach, financial aspect, development of slums, etc.. In social ministry or mission, it is helpful to be able to deal with these issues. The paper will also mention the observation and recommendations and, analysis of the activities. In my view, the two months of experience at the Mulcuru Center was a very cresting one. It enabled me to understand the lives of the population; their strength and their weaknesses specially their needs. This project is an attempt to try to defend their right and dignity by working and living with them.
Street Children in Kawangware
(Tangaza University College, 1998) Njogu, Pauline
The child: a child is recognized as a person under 18 unles national lawss recognize the age of majority earlier. All actions concerning the child should take a ful account of his interests. Thus the child has the inherent right ot life, and the stated has an obligation to ensure the child's survival and development.
Empowerment of Women In Kenya
(Tangaza University College, 1998-04) Kamara, Simon Muriithi
Women have been discriminated and their rights have been violated since time immemorial. They have been overlooked by the male chauvenism and the traditional cultures. These two aspects have contributed a lot to the humiliation of women to a great extent. Some view woman as second class human beings, who should always be under the 'umbrella of a man'. In this Essay, I will suggest how women in Kenya can be empowered. Though women should be empowered in all spheres of life, I will concentrate on the following spheres: political and legal, economic, health and educational. In the first chapter I shall try to portray the status of women in connection with the above spheres. The second chapter is intended to elaborate the main reasons as to why women are in those positions they are in the society. In the third chapter, I will suggest how women can be empowered in political and legal, economic, health and educational spheres. Then I will also propose Gender Responsive Education as one of the most important aspects which, I feel, can enhance women empowerment in the society, if at all it is put into practice. In this long Essay I will apply the See-Judge-Act methodology which I believe is an appropriate and recommendable approach for social ministries in mission. Before embarking on what I am intending to elaborate concerning the empowerment of women in Kenya, I would like to clarify some of the relevant terminologies which I believe they are relevant to the Essay, namely empowerment and women.
The Church and Human Promotion in Technical Education
(Tangaza University College, 1998-04) Aringo, Margaret
The subject of this essay is technical education. The Church has always shown a keen interest in the development of technical education. When talking of the Church, we are particularly referring to the Catholic Church, whose major aim is at creating and elevating the dignity of the poor, and raising their status in the Kenyan society as elsewhere. The Church aims at making a major contribution to the objectives above, through involvement in technical education, hence the titteThe Church and I luman Promotion in Technical Education'. This essay is an attempt to bring out the contribution and role of the Church in technical education, and the challenges facing this education in Kenya at present. My main aim in ' exploring this area is to provide some elements of reflection on these challenges, not only for local Churches and religious institutes, but also for the Kenyan government. I also hope to offer some possible orientations and proposals for action to improve technical education in institutions that are already in existence. The essay is as a result of both primary and secondary data collection. Primary sources of information involved: going out and visiting different technical training institutions run by the Church. This included interviewing those in administration of these institutions about the group of people (street children, orphans, primary or secondary school leavers), they are training; some government owned institutions were also visited and those in charge were interviewed. The secondary source of information is mainly from periodicals and a survey on the industrial training needs assessment and institutional capacity and capability in Kenya prepared by the Federation of Kenya Employers (EKE). This essay is divided into three chapters with two sections in each chapter. The methodology followed in this study is that of see, judge and act. In chapter one, I have attempted to give the meaning, role and trace the history of technical education in Kenya. It is a fact that the history of this education cannot be written without reference to the Christian missionaries and the colonial government. All these, up to the present existing institutions offering technical education in Kenya, will be seen in the first section. That the Church has always been concerned in the development of technical education is clearly set out in the second section of chapter one. This concern stems from the vision of her mission to care for the poor. To pursue this concern, the Church has contributed to this education through her dioceses, parishes and religious congregations in Kenya, by setting up technical training institutions. Some of these institutions are strictly for the Church, and others are in partnership between the Church and the government of Kenya. They include youth polytechnics, Christian vocational training centres and technical training institutes among others. We cannot treat the Church owned government due to partnership pointed above. does she control the policies concerned with institutions separately from those run by the Moreover the Church has no monopoly, neither technical education in Kenya. For this reason, chapter two examines sonic of the challenges facing technical education in Kenya. Section one of this chapter deals with technical training institutions while section two is concerned with disharmonies that underlie technical training in Kenya. In response to the challenges pointed out in chapter two, concrete measures and proposals to improve technical education have been discussed in chapter three in the first section. Citizens of any country need a training that will enable them earn a living and transform their lives. It is in this context that the Church insists on the promotion of training for transformation. Hence section two gives the Church some guidelines in this underlying task. Finally, there is a curious illusion that a more complete research is possible when there is less to know. My point here is that no course of study, neither does this essay claim any position of ideal completeness nor are the omitted facts of surbodinate importance. Therefore, this essay is only but a stepping stone to further research.
Comboni Missionary Sisters As Social Ministers in Kenya From 1964 To 1998
(Tangaza University College, 1998-04) Esposto, Rita
The thirty-four years of life the Comboni Missionary Sisters have lived in Kenya, their involvement in the fabric of life of many Kenyans, their methodology of mission, the objectives and future goals as well as some suggestions for a better approach to mission, are part and parcel of this paper and the very reason for its existence. This essay is divided into three main chapters based on the see-judge-act research methodology. The sisters' commitment in health, women's promotion and education has been described, evaluated and some new proposals given as new ways to bring about a more contexualised ministry and relevancy in today's Kenya. I believe this to be the first scientific attempt to research and analyse the style of presence of the Comboni Missionary Sisters in Kenya, and furthermore, to be the first concrete application of the teaching dictated by the principles of social ministry into real life situations. Moreover, the novelty and beauty of this essay is that it is an experiential one based mostly on the lived praxis of the people it deals with. A questionnaire was used to gather the initial data. Twenty-six of them were sent out to various sisters involved in different ministries. Interviews were carried out as a means to collect first hand verbal information about the data researched. A great deal of the information making up this paper is also coming from the knowledge I gathered during my two years as a student of Social Ministry as well as from my personal reflection derived from belonging to the community of the Comboni Missionary Sisters. I have chosen to delve into the various aspects characterising the presence of the Comboni Missionary Sisters in Kenya primarily driven by the fact that this missionary family holds as a major priority the commitment to the integral development of women. The founder, Daniel Comboni, strongly believed in the presence and role of women in mission. Women were given a place of relevance in his Plan for the Regeneration of Africa. Comboni "was in fact convinced of the importance of education, particularly of women and young girls, and emphasised the necessity for lay women and missionary sisters to bring about a change in the condition of the African woman. For Comboni, consecrated women in Africa could help the African woman to be freed from poverty and oppression. In welcoming the light of the Gospel message, the African women would receive the power to lead their own people to freedom. '" This has been also my desire as I went about doing my research and I truly wish that my work and efforts will serve the cause of further reflections aimed at bringing about an always fuller life both for the Comboni Missionary Sisters in Kenya and the Kenyan women as well.
Rural-Urban Migration in Kenya As A Challenge to Social Ministers
(Tangaza University College, 1998-04) Mboligoumba, Jean-Marie
After many centuries during which the church has remained anchored close to the rural world, the cities are increasingly becoming its concern. The 1990 Encyclical letter by John Paul II redemptoris Mission (RMO 37b) indicates among the "New worlds and new social phenomena"' which are the parameters of the church's mission ad gentes, urbanization and the massive growth of cities. EM suggests that these phenomena change the image of the mission which should now concentrate on the big cities, not only for quantiatative factors (demographic explosion and accumulation), but because of the impact that the city has on the wider population. In fact EM speaks of new customs and styles of living which arise together with new forms of culture and communication. The stress is on culture, or rather, on the cultural change which is taking place in the cities, which are "centres where a new humanity, so to speak, is emergeing, and where new models of development are taking shape." The emphasis on the cultural change is also mentioned in RM 37c speaking about the new areopagus of the modern world of communications which is unifying.
Urbanization and Human Integrity
(Tangaza University College, 1998-05) Njega, Lawrence Owino
The urbanization, which has become always a point of address for its existing miseries is an issue to be looked into from different perspectives. Therefore, in this 'Essay'; I wish to address it from the sociological perspective of which its meaning, historical background the aftermath of its historical events and the proposed plans of action in the third chapter, are matters of concern in the context of social- ministerial realm. Prior to this effort, declarational remarks and platitudes of acknowledgment remarks are self - affirming stages at which my essay reveals its contents of appreciation and confidence in its status of originality; and the pride of its first attempt to this kind of approach. It is very clear, besides being my own originality, I have never independently used my own materials to justify my discussions promptly. Instead, I have been collaborating with other sources of literature for the justification of my argument. This sources include:- oral interviews and written literature. All have been of great support for the success of this essay. As conclusion, I have tried to avail my plans of action in reflect to the situation of urbanization, with specific reference to Nairobi city in Kenya. In this plan of action, I have also made an effort to propose the possible ways and means of reducing problems of urbanization. At this stage, I have made a final remark on urbanization with the hope that my social ministerial services in the society world influence the contemporary evangelization and world transformation generally in understand the human integrity.
Our Home Of Peace
(Tangaza University College, 1998-06) Matiya, Richard
Throughout the World, children are found living and working on city streets. It is a dangerous and precarious existence. The reasons for their presence vary, but all Share the common experience of fighting for their everyday survival. Children may have decided that street life is preferable to the poverty or violence at home. Others work on the sheet to earn money and become drawn into street life. And this is why, towards the end of 1993, a group of people got together to form a Rehabilitation centre and they called it Kwetu, which in Swahili means "Our Home". The founder is a priest known as Fr. Michael Meuneir, who is very active in organising youth projects. In 1994 Brother Peter told the Kwetu Board that no meaningful rehabilitation of street children could take place unless we went BOARDING. Presently the home is situated on the outskirts of Madaraka Estate, a few Kilometres South of the city Centre. The home consists of Buildings including, a temporary store, a house for the watchman, a Posh mill, office for the director, offices for the social workers, the accountant, the computer, a room for counselling, a hall, a kitchen, two dormitories and bathrooms. A resident house for the sisters, and two workshops where they offer a carpentry training for the older boys and an empowerment training for the mothers. The programme has a director, two social workers a bookkeeper, a cook, 3 house-fathers, a teacher, a driver, a watchman and volunteers. The majority of children come from Nairobi west, South B and C, Mugoya, Kibera, Wilson and Mukuni. The children admitted are usually between the age of 8 and 18 years. They are identified through street visits that are carried out regularly from the social workers, the street workers and volunteers.
The Role of Technical Training in Development
(Tangaza University College, 1998-08) Taban, Joseph
This year 1998, I had the opportunity to spend one month and some weeks in St. Joseph's Vocational Training Centre in Khartoum-Sudan. This centre is run by the Salesians of Don Bosco. This report is the result of my experience and it is an assessment of the project by being involved in it, after observing and trying to interview Fathers, Students, Teachers and the Workers, as well as those who came to my assistance. However, I feel that due to my short involvement in this project I do not have a deep understanding and evaluation of the whole set up which a paper of this kind would require. This experience has been very meaningful and enriching to me as a Comboni Brother. I think this will help me to understand how a project is set or runs.
Integrated Home Care Aids Services
(Tangaza University College, 1998-09) Barozi, Anselm
Aids was first recognised in Uganda in 1981, but because of the negative feelings and sensationalism that surrounded this subject, the Govt. of the day decided too bury its head in the sand like the proverbial Ostrich. A lot of time therefore lost between 1981 and 1986, when the recent government got into power. Our government has had no qualms about being frank to our people on issues of a National catastrophe such as the a Aids epidemic. When NRM (National Resistant Movement) came to power in 1986 the problem had already spread to most part of the country. The gates to national and international effort aimed at controlling the epidemic was opened. Unfortunately, our government's efforts and the high level of awareness among the population, the AlDs epidemic is becoming more and more serious in the place. However, this awareness has over the last few years started paying off I am informed that there has been a marked decline in the incidence o other STDs. AlDs has, however, hit hardest those who are not only in their most sexually active fears, but also in their most economically productive years. A number of professionals working in government and other institutions have died. This will affect production by small-holders, which accounts for over 90% of our country's export earnings. With regard to social services, AIDS is already affection our over-stretched medical services. Apart from looking after AlDs patients, secondary infections such as tuberculosis (TB) have increased because of AlDs. It is understood that already a two - to - three fold increase has been observed in our region, where dominant TB is common. Yet treatment for a single case of TB costs US $ 126. If you remember that the per capita health expenditure is US$ 3.50 in this region, you cansee the magnitude of the problem. In Uganda, over the six last years with the help of UNICEF, Uganda has managed to achieve over 90% immunisation coverage for the six Immunisable diseases, including TB, thus dramatically reducing the infant Mortality rate To make matters worse, I am afraid, however, that AlDs might reverse these achievements
Appraisal and Evaluation of Lodonga Spiritual And Pastoral Centre
(Tangaza University College, 1998-09) Okello, Lawrence
Any pastoral activity will come to nothing if there is nobody at hand, properly formed and prepared to carry it out. The working tools themselves are useless except in the hands of properly formed catechists. As we are living in a challenging world, catechists must be prepared to face challenges as they spread the Gospel. We must be grateful to the Lord for this institution, a contribution by the laity, but it is also a challenge to our responsibility since those lay catechists must be carefully prepared for what is, at the very least a function of great importance in the church. It is therefore my wish to present in this paper indicating how the pastoral Centre of Lodonga is endeavouring to effect the same to meet the contemporary pastoral challenges evident throughout the Christian community of Arua diocese. I am therefore indebted to the director of Lodonga Pastoral and Spiritual Centre, the teachers and the students Catechists who with kindness and generosity availed me with the information that has made it possible for me to write this paper.
Appraisal And Evaluation Of Marsabit Technical School Marbabit Diocese-Kenya
(Tangaza University College, 1998-09) Yisrashe, Desu
After involving myself in this particular project and having worked within it for two months I am able to present this short evaluation of Marsabit Catholic Technical training Cent e This training Centre was established by Consolatas Fathers and brothers of Marsabit diocese. However since its completion the Consolata Father and Brothers did not run the project as a complete set up project for long. They handed it over to the congregations and lay helpers which means that for not less than 22 years the project has got not a permanent personnel The school is facing the problem namely, different missionaries come and Q0 after working for a year or two years. This kind of changes are well known in different organisations. But presently the project is run by the brothers of St., Joseph for the past four years until the present moment. However working in this project helped me with the knowledge on how to run similar project Being here for two months helped me to understand the positive and negative aspects of setting up a project. The evaluation of this project will be as follows.
Experience In Chaminde Training Centre
(Tangaza University College, 1998-09-15) Kamara, Mary W.
Urbanisation is them 'n course of the high rate of the population in Nairobi city. The city attracts young people aged 16years to years from rural areas for various reasons. The insufficiency land ,t near the villages lack of lancji. Poverty because of drought and famine. For example Machakos, Kisumu and many other places. City salaries are much higher in comparison to rural income in general about one third of lowest official city salaries. These also includes house allowances. As a result of infrastructures in rural areas which encourages many people to come to the city. Most of the modem equipments are available for example running water, electricity, schools, dispensaries and hospitals. Sociological reasons which affects young people in particular when city dwellers either university students, laborers or unemployed return to the rural for a visit they acquire prestige in the eyes of rural population because they are smart dressing on the latest fashions. For young people these is considered as a big issue and therefore many young people in rura rream ofi to come to the - io city themselves. These are some of the information I got from some of the clients in Mukuru slums. Chaminade training centre is assisting the needy people to be independent through canceling, skill training, spiritual sharing and referrals. In these area education is one of the most important aspect which I feel will enhance needy people empowerment in Chaminade training centre in Mukuru slums in Nairobi. In my experience in Chaminade training centre, I apply the Seejdge- Act methodology which I believe is very important and recommendable approach for social ministries in mission. The following pages I will share about my experience in Chaminade training centre one of lmani projects in Mukuru slums in East land of Nairobi. These programme consists of about 50 expectant mothers who are in pregnancy crisis. The Women come from nearby slums which are Mukuru site of Njenga, Reuben site, Sinai, Pipeline, Quarry and Lunga Lunga. Most of these women are single mothers but there are also a few who are married. The single mothers many times attempt to carry out abortions due to the lack of finance, unmarried status, inability to raise children and mostly because of lack of basic necessities. Married mothers find themselves also in a stressful situation because of unplanned pregnancy which comes at an early stage when they are still breast-feeding. In this case, the married mothers find it difficult to plan or even space their children,iince artificial family planning is not accepted in tthhee Catholic Church,-bat also it has many side effects on the health of mothers, and-therefore it A is not practiced in most families by the married couples. The women attend clinic at the medical Missionary of Mary dispensary, and they are later referred to the Social work office for counseling and for family life lessons which enable them to carry on the pregnancy up to delivery time rather than carrying out an abortion. During the time of pregnancy, these women attend classes once a week every Tuesday afternoon. They have lessons such as Natural family planning, group sharing for building their self-esteem and Ante-natal clinic and to give birth in the hospital, food and nutrition, personal hygiene and video shows on stages of Child development and of abortion. Gospel living lessons are also offered to them for nourishing their spiritual needs, and installing i/good and healthy moral conducts in their day to day life. After delivery, each woman is provided with a set of baby clothes and half of the maternity fees is paid for them. It is after two weeks that these women join the mothers group lessons.

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