Institute of Social Communication

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Evangelising the Youth through the Mass Media: A Case Study of Our Lady Queen Parish-Karen
(Tangaza University College., 2002-02) Mbinda, Makau John
Is it possible for us to use the mass media to evangelize the youth? We shall find out in this essay. The third millennium has witnessed an enormous technological advancement in the field of mass communication. The world has become standardized by the mass media. What makes this possible is the reduced distances in communication, thanks to the satellite technology. We can instantly know what is happening in USA while we are in Kenya just by a click of a button. On the world communication day, Pope Paul VI addressed the possible use of media by the youth saying, "it is clear to everyone that there is an immense responsibility on the part of all, before history, to put to good account the extraordinary opportunities offered by the communications media to help young people to inform and form themselves, to bring out the real problems of the world, to seek the authentic values of life and to live up to their calling as individual persons and Christians." Surely, "we live in a bewildering world which is moving faster and faster. The mass media in Nairobi all compete for the hearts and minds of people. The church must master the media and use them in ways that are even more impressive than the way the world uses them." 2 Moreover, "these days it is the media of social communications that provide new sources of knowledge and culture with their considerable power of moving men's feelings and minds, together with the train of ideas and stirrings of the imagination carried by the sounds and sights they transmit." The church cannot close her eyes to such a tremendous development. Within the limits of her ability, the church should try to tap these 'powerful' means of communication and use them in her evangelizing mission. Needless to say, this tapping is not as easy as it sounds here. For the church to be able to use the means of social communication for evangelization, a lot of work has to be done. This essay ventures into the work of opening avenues for the church to use the mass media in evangelizing the youth. The essay is divided into five chapters. In chapter one, we examine evangelization. Chapter two introduces us to the world of mass media while chapter three deals with the research methodology. Chapter four gives the analysis and the interpretation of the data collected from the research. The final chapter offers some proposals and a general conclusion on the work.
Empowering Women for Better Maternal And Child Health in Arid Areas - Kenya
(Tangaza University College., 2002-03) Mwaura, Magdalene W.
This study is a concern on high maternal and child morbidity and mortality, in the nomadic communities. It seeks to establish the major factors contributing to this problem. The study also seeks to acknowledge efforts that have been made to remedy this problem. It has been carried out in Rumuruti Division of Laikipia District - Kenya. The research tools used were oral interviews, questionnaires and participatory observations. The study has followed the Social Ministry methodology of SEE, JUDGE and ACT. It has been found out that the Catholic Church, through Food Assisted Child Survival Project, has been addressing the issue through relief food, micronutrients and health educating women. The research showed that maternal and child morbidity and mortality in Rumuruti is caused by poverty, illiteracy, non-availability of health facilities, and some cultural practices that are health hazardous. In order to remedy this problem therefore, women have to be empowered with financial ability, and both formal and non-formal education. The society also need to be enlightened on how some traditional practices like wife sharing, wife beating, and Female Genital Mutilation increases maternal and child's ill health. This study is divided into six chapters. Chapter one gives a general overview of maternal and child morbidity and mortality in the world, especially in Third World Countries like Kenya. Chapter two is the literature review. Chapter three discusses the methodology used in the research. Chapter four gives the data analysis and research findings. Chapter five is the theological reflection. Chapter six is a proposal of one way that the problem could be addressed, that is by empowering women, who are the key players in this issue. In order to remedy the problem, the Church, the government and the Non-Govemmental-Organisations have to work hand in hand.
LUENCE OF LOCAL MUSIC ON YOUTH IDENTITY
(Tangaza University College, 2005) OMOL, BENSON
One of the most fundamental things I have learnt in my three years of college life is how people are proud to be African especially when they have come back from foreign territory. The most important thing to them is the joy of being Kenyan or any other African nationality. They come with stories and stories of how they had a difficult time interacting with the foreigners. Some of these things many of us are yet to experience and we only get them through class and stories from those who have be fortunate or unfortunate enough to go out of the state. One of my closest friends, who is studying in one of the smaller towns in Australia, told me how a lady saw her shopping and rushed in to burst in frenzy of how happy she is to see her. The whole idea was that they were both from Africa and in this particular town there are very few Africans. The lady saw this as an opportunity to gather contacts and build a local relationship with the young lady. these are things that are displayed all across the world. If we look at it from a Kenyan perspective, we do notice that there are thousands of Kenyans living outside our borders mainly in America and Europe with some scattered in the east. But as this picture is being painted, what we read in the press now and then, and even from personal interaction, they still don't feel quite at home. Even in their thousands whereby they are even neighbors. We often hear local artists going to perform abroad and when they do this they are performing to the Kenyan fan base in these countries. The events are being organized and promoted by the Kenyans themselves who are abroad. And if the reports in the press are anything to go by, the places get full beyond capacity. 5 Music is an entity that is available all around the worlds even in these foreign countries. Infact in these countries they (music) comes in abundance. The artists release songs every other day because they are paid huge amounts to do so. It is so much to the extent that they export it to our countries. One of America's biggest foreign exchange earners is music. They have indeed capitalized on this to and extent that everyone in the music industry is benefiting. So lack of music in these foreign areas is not the cause for such organizations. Kenyans themselves probably fill up concerts of the foreign artists. But the numbers would differ considerably. The question that arises from this is why do the Kenyans abroad save up huge amounts so as to bring in their home artists? Large amounts of people in these foreign countries are the youth who have been there for years in search of a better life. Some have even started families that to some is a burden and take so much of their time and resources. But they still avail time and resources to bring these artists over the borders and pay them quite handsomely. Some travel long distances to see these artists perform their life out on stage. However the buck doesn't stop with music. Innovative minds come up with various artifacts and accessories that have something to do with home. We have instances where clothe lines have been started with names of Nairobi estates or local names such as Jamhuri Wear, Slum Wear among others. All these are sold to the Kenyans abroad and the people who are interested. These acts spread to other areas where by the Kenyans have meetings where they spend time together something they wouldn't ordinarily do if they were back home. I would think this is a clear show of people who want to be together and share attributes and resources to the people whom they identify with. Identity plays a big role in these areas where home is so far away
Effective Communication for Evangelisation Among the Borana People of Southern Ethiopia
(Tangaza University, 2005-01) Wario, Damicha
In this essay we shall reflect on Communication for effective evangelisation. Human being has a capacity to communicate and, in our case we communicate to evangelise. Therefore, this reflection is a Christian approach to Communication. We shall consider the definition, notion of evangelisation and communication. We shall reflect on the theme of evangelisation for communication. What we are saying is that we want to make communication in all its entirety, be at the service of evangelisation. Communication can be used in many ways; communication for development, for education, for evangelisation, for political awareness or for oppression...etc. Our idea is that a Christian should see the social communication media as means to spread the Gospel, the word of life. Therefore, any skills and technology are put at the service of spreading the gospel. In other words, the media and the whole science of communication are instruments for the missionary activity. The topic namely, Communication for effective Evangelisation is approached from the three angles. These are culture, Evangelisation and Communication. The first chapter considers the Borana culture - The Borana as people, their land, their social organisation, their understanding of God, their customs, rituals, their concept of peace and life. The second chapter deals with evangelisation among the Borana, in which we shall look at History of Evangelisation, Means and Methods, which have been used for evangelisation. We shall also look at the Challenges and impacts of Evangelisation in Borana land. Chapter three deals with communication strategies. We will approach this chapter in three ways. We will first see Literature Review and Definitions of Terms followed by traditional means of Communication and finally a Case study: Borana means of Communication. The fourth chapter is about an application and pastoral Recommendation in relation to evangelisation.
Stereotyped Images of Women in High-Fashion Advertising in Women's Magazines
(Tangaza University College, 2006) Odhiambo, Pauline
Since time immemorial certain roles have been ascribed to women; the role of daughter. sister, wife, lover and mother. Traditionally, a woman was considered a caregiver to her family and to others outside her family. She played the role of daughter to her father, nurturer of her children and obedient wife and lover to her husband. In short, a woman could only be described as an extension of a man be it her father, brother(s) or husband.' With the advent of civilization into metropolitan societies, a woman acquired new roles. She became the glorified homemaker and the glamorous accessory 2. Her domain was the household in which she wielded her power. The affairs of the household were left solely to her. In the day to day running of the household, her husband could only offer his financial support and it was up to her to keep the home clean and habitable for the benefit of her family and guest(s) of her household. She was hospitality incarnate. Her second new role; that of glamorous accessory came about as a consequent of her husband's financial wealth. In nineteenth century (North) America, it was considered vain and even immoral for the bourgeois man to adorn himself in the sumptuousness of wealth. There was however a need for him to display his prosperity and wealth. Thus, a woman's clothing insofar as it subscribed to fashion, was a representation of wealth, a bauble by which men could display their wealth without assuming any of the guilt associated with it. In this respect, women came to be known as the "vicarious consumers" of men of wealth. Attached to each industrial breadwinner was his vicarious consumer; in all public and social occasions, it was her task to demonstrate her husband's ability to pay. 3 She was to adorn herself in all manner of finery (jewels, clothing, fragrance and other accessories). Her make-up and attire were to be worn impeccably and with certain flourish so that men and women alike could admire her. She was the medium by which her husband's wealth was to be advertised.
The Impact of Television on the Concept of Marriage among the Youth
(2006) Maagu, Beatrice
The media is the latest agent of socialization. As such, its pervasiveness has raised a lot of concern. The media has been variously used as a power tool by the elite in society from time immemorial. Whilst Gutenberg's invention brought the masses into the previously exclusive world of enlightenment, it did not reverse the balance of power. Whereas knowledge was officially a preserve of a few people and guarded jealously before the advent of mass media, now it is generated by a few people and sometimes with the purpose of misinformation'. It has had both negative and positive effects on society.
Using Community Media in The Fight Against Hiv/Aids
(Tangaza University College, 2006) Moses Khaemba, Charles
The media has succeeded in presenting HIV/AIDS as a disease of immoral people in society. Other organizations have gone so far as carrying out research and tests only on those considered prostitutes. In Kenya, the term 'prostitute' is used discriminately. When people talk of prostitutes, they refer only to women who use sex as a tool of economic gain. For a prostitute to exist, there must be a man willing to pay for her services. It is not credible to carry out a research or a test on HIV/AIDS and prostitutes while at the same time ignoring the fact that there must be a man with whom she was involved. In an advertisement promoting condoms in Kenya some years back, women were depicted in a discotheque as carriers of the disease while advising men to take control of their lives by using condoms whenever they had sex with such women. Away from social places and drinking places, a man for example who is infected with the virus can also infect it to a woman take for example the common practice of wife inheritance among some communities in Kenya.
Child Sexual Abuse: Healing Through Television
(Tangaza University College, 2006) Watetu Gichuici, Mercylillian
Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) is an issue that is a real thorn in the flesh of our society today. There are various forms of CSA, but despite the differences, as Cashman affirms, it is an abuse that violates the child's deepest feelings and emotional development.' This act of sexual "gratification" is a greedy, selfish and cruel behaviour that leaves the child with wounds that run deeper than physical hurt. They remain secret and hidden and if they are not brought out they kill the person softly since, the pain and shame is carried on into adulthood. "In any church congregation of a hundred people there are probably at least 10 who were subjected in childhood to sexual abuse which in some cases has had a disastrous effect on their physical and mental health. In any place of work, school assembly, there are people who are suffering or have suffered some kind of sexual abuse." 2 It is our duty as a society to hear their story and attend to abuse survivors whose tears of grief, pain, and suffering are still running. Children who are being sexually abused now might not speak out for themselves because threats and coercion silence them. This might have disastrous consequences especially in their adult life; they may carry the mental scars of abuse forever. Therefore, in order to help today's survivors young or old we must look at yesterday's victims to tell us what is happening today so that we can try and create a less painful tomorrow. The so called 'battered child syndrome' was first recognized by the medical profession in 1961. Initially the term referred to serious non accidental physical injury, but now the concept of child abuse also includes sexual and emotional abuse and neglect. The current statistics paint a frightening picture of the reality of child abuse today all over the world that leaves a lot to be desired.
Mass Media Coverage of Election Campaigns and Its Influence on the Voter Study of The 2004 Malawi General Elections
(Tangaza University College, 2006) Chiwanda, Matthias George
his work investigates mass media coverage of election campaigns and the influence it has on the voter. The research was carried out in Chilcwawa district, located in the southern region of Malawi. It focused on the country's 2004 presidential and parliamentary elections. Malawi, formerly known as 'Nyasaland' in the colonial era, is a small landlocked country located in South Eastern Africa. It has a surface area of about one hundred and eighteen thousand square kilometers and a population of about ten million people.' Malawi achieved independence from the British colonial rule on 4th July 1964. The Nyasaland African Congress, a nationalist movement that was led by Orton Chirwa and other young politicians, championed the fight for freedom. In 1953 Britain federated Nyasaland with Northern and Southern Rhodesia (now Zambia and Zimbabwe). The federation was vigorously opposed and, in 1958, Dr. Hastings Kamuzu Banda returned to Nyasaland from Ghana, at the invitation of the Nyasaland African Congress, to lead the fight against it. The Nyasaland African Congress invited Banda because the movement discerned the need to have an elderly and more experienced nationalist to lead it in the fight for freedom. The key leaders of the movement (Henry Masaulco Chipembere and Orton Chirwa) were in their twenties, and inexperienced. Banda, in his late sixties had much experience in nationalist politics through his encounters with other African freedom fighters such as, Kwame NIchruma of Ghana and Jomo Kenyatta of Kenya during his stay in the United Kingdom. From independence in 1964 to 1992, Malawi remained a one-party state under the rule of the Malawi Congress Party government led by Banda. During this period there was no serious challenge from within Malawi to Banda's rule. He had total control of the country. Freedom of the press was heavily curtailed. `Kamuzu knows best!' used to be the slogan. The following were some of the institutions that served to enforce the suppression of freedom of expression: networks of state informers planted everywhere throughout the country, the censorship board, concentration camps, and detention without trial laws. There was only one state controlled radio station, the Malawi Broadcasting Corporation, and two national newspapers, the 'Daily Times' and 'Malawi News'. These newspapers only gave news from the angle of the Malawi Congress Party as the ruling party. This was the case with many newly independent African countries. People suffered under cruel dictatorships of their own African leaders. However, things changed dramatically in the 1990s when Africa in general experienced in some parts more than others, the wind of change whose eye was in Eastern Europe and which affected the world, peiestroilca.
The Role the Media Play In Facilitating the Fostering Of Street Children
(Tangaza University College, 2006) Kivondo, Lawrence
We might have all encountered them, either evoking a feeling of sympathy, hatred-sympathy-anger, and gratitude depending on the nature of the encounter. So, who are these so-called 'street children'? Persons, human beings whose rights have been violated, marginalized people, and somehow victimized and ostracized by the society; persons whose well-being seems to be no one's responsibility. To someone this may seem unreal, but this is in fact the condition of most street children. But why is it that most members of the society have negative attitudes towards the street children? Social psychologists define attitudes as beliefs that predispose us to act and feel in a certain way'. This definition has three components which can be exemplified by the societies attitude towards the street children such as the belief that street children are generally deviant, which leads to feeling of mistrust, leading to a disposition to behave in a certain way, such as readiness to be rude to them or to ignore their plight. In general the street children are viewed in a negative perspective by most members of the society; however this negative attitude can be changed. In order to change the negative attitudes towards street children there is need for better understanding of the street children phenomenon by members of the society. This is not easy since most members of the society tend to believe that the street children phenomenon is as a result of aberrant people or families. This belief negates the fact that the street children phenomenon is the consequence of a culmination of interrelated factors. In order to address the street children phenomenon, the negative attitude of the society towards the street children must first of all be changed and what better way of I Cl P. LAAST, "Psychology of a Person". 6 1 changing attitudes is there today than using the media? In this era it has been noted that the media have emerged as being one of the relevant agents of socialization making them an ideal instrument for societal transformation. The idea of using communication as a critical instrument of transformation can be traced back to World War II, when the broadcast media were extensively used for persuasion, propaganda and psychological warfare2. Later on, after the end of the war, lessons learned about communications were used in many different settings to respond to a wide variety of needs, especially advertising social marketing and the diffusion of innovations. Apart from been used as a tool for marketing, it was discovered that the media could be used ideally for community development as community media. Community media have been used in various parts of the world for the transformation of society. This paper will examine a project of St Martin CSA, in Nyahururu, where the community has chosen the fostering of street children as a way of rehabilitating them and turning them into positive members of the society. However, the street children programme is not that successful, because most of the people of Nyahururu town have negative attitudes about the street children. By proposing a communication project, we hope that the negative attitudes of the people will be changed, hence facilitating the fostering of street children.
Use of Alternative Media to Rethink Agikuyu Traditional Practices Among Agikuyu Youth Of Mweiga Location
(Tangaza University College, 2006) Wamaitha Kibicho, Rose
Chapter one deals with the introduction, statement of the problem, objectives, research questions, assumptions of the study, justification and significance of the study, scope and delimitations and purpose of the study. It also reviews the relevant literature on the specific problem of the investigation. The review concentrates on traditional practices, electronic media and Agikuyu youth of Mweiga Location. Chapter two goes further to detail the methods that were used in gathering and analyzing the data. It has the description of the research instruments (interview guide, case study and observation guide). The chapter points out the role of communication and its theories namely: cultural imperialism, selectivity and ethnocentrism and relates them with the research. Chapter three presents the elaboration of the application how alternative media can be used to rethink Agikuyu traditional practices especially female initiation and traditional medicine. Bringing about electronic media and traditional medicine awareness to Agikuyu youth of Mweiga location. The aspects, which can be borrowed from initiation and relevance/application today. 'the chapter goes further to propose a project.
The Role of Media in Perpetuating The 'Pop Culture' Among Kenyan Youth
(Tangaza University College, 2006-06) Ntoyai, Joan Sanayian
This research is aimed at identifying the cause of the different changes occurring within the youth living in Westlands a cosmopolitan area with a variety of people. For sometime, I have had the opportunity to see for myself the transformation the people of Westlands Division here in Kenya have gone under. It has been very interesting. This has drawn my interest and my curiosity into an in-depth analysis of it. These transformations are in the form of image and style of dressing, language and social behaviour. According to me, the influence in these changes come through the media especially the Western media because a high percentage of the television content in our Kenyan TVs is Western. In the past, different cultures were formed because they had different political opinions and needed a route to air them. ..Popular culture is perceived to be a political arena, a place where certain ideas are advocated and others are condemned." Within today's culture from the West the values are not of political motives but are influential in the social aspect of the Kenyan youth. This type of culture is defined as •lpopular culture", so vast an area that, we can only focus on certain aspects. In so doing, we hope to analyse how media has perpetuated Western culture in Kenya today. According to Edward Taylor. a British anthropologist. "culture is that complex whole, which includes knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals, laxks. customs and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as members of society.-2 This is seen in the detailed descriptions of the traditional culture in Africa. "Geertz defined culture as historically transmitted patterns of meaning embodied in symbols by means of which men and women communicate, perpetuate and develop their knowledge about an attitude to life
Sharing Faith through Television with 'File Catholic Youth of Good Shepherd Parish of Lusaka Archdiocese
(Tangaza University College, 2007) Inonge, Kelidy mutukwa
It would appear that communication and various forms of media have always been part and parcel of the human person's existence. Classical Greek literature attests to the intense study of Rhetoric, Poetry and art witnessed in that epoch. However, today, the media are more established and pervasive and form an essential component of our society. Also the internet has become an extremely dominant part of our lives and culture. The media, especially television as a medium of communication, serve as sources of entertainment, education and information for different people in their age groups. The youth in particular are avid users of various forms of media. In many families, it is the youth who know more about television and more likely than not will persuade the family on the type of television that the family should purchase. Communication makes demands on our time, or on our culture. It is not uncommon for the youth to spend many hours in front of television. McQuail writing about subculture and audience, in his book Mass Communication Theory, notes that the youth have their own way of using the media and this can be deduced from the content of what they watch, listen to or read. He observes that in most cases, the youth will subtly demonstrate their distance from official school values and the values of their parents' generation by the kind of music that they listen to or watch.' For young people bordering on adolescence, television has been likened to a modern grandparent that sits in front of them telling stories of life. It is at the same time a school that provides education and the youth are very much willing to learn from this school. Television also acts as a peer group from which the youth adapt to different life styles. This means that television today stands out as a major agent of socialization which is teaching, shaping and moulding the young people. It is these same youth that the Christian Church and in particular, the Catholic Church will consider as the Church of tomorrow. Cardinal Joachim Meisner puts it more aptly when he says, the youth are "the future of the Church and the future of the world."2 For Ralph Stewart IV and Stephanie Simic, "the youth are the Church of the present as well as the Church of future."3 In the tone of the Eastern African Bishops "the youth constitute a treasure of human resources.' The Church's interest, acknowledgement, and hope in the youth is more than just an appraisal but a call for all concerned and involved in sharing faith with the young people to pay particular attention to the emerging challenges for youth evangelization. The call is for the whole Church to concern itself with growth in faith and welfare of youth.
Identity Formation of the Youth in Nairobi: The Role of Television
(Tangaza University College, 2007) Murigi, Mwangi Stephen
Over the last decade, in relation to the liberalization of the economy and the airwaves, most Third world countries have seen an incredible development of media outlets, especially in urban centers. Because of global media monopolization and higher advancement in media technologies from the West, many African countries have found themselves receiving information and media content coming from the West. This one-way flow of information has led to a kind of contemporary colonization, which is psychological in nature. Through the media, Africa has progressively embraced 'western" values and ideals that have lead to the loss of indigenous cultural identities in the continent. The urbanized dwellers are generally consistent with the style of life proposed by the media. Some of the youths even consider their cultural practices as backward, without first understanding what they represented. Being a youth, I have noticed that, it has become very fashionable to be 'westernized'; to dress in the latest 'western' designer fashion, talk with an American accent and even adopt the western types of food. The mass media can be used both positively and negatively, and this applies for the consequent effects as well. My project suggests that we can use the media positively. It attempts to counter the effects of television resulting from the negative use of the media, effects such as identity loss and confusion, which ultimately leads to a low self perception or image.
My Twenty-Square-Meter Garden of Eden Development Communication Centre of Sagana Youth Dccsy
(Tangaza University College, 2007) Mbae, Severino
This thesis is based on a deep personal reflection on the story of creation found in Genesis 1 one and 2, with particular reference to 2:15-16, where God settles Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden to purposely till and care for it. Starting with the spiritual dimension, this thesis will be developed to address the social- economic and cultural challenges of our human society with specific focus on empowering young people through television, so that they can provide sufficient food and self-employment in the society. Hunger is hazardous to everybody's health, while unemployment minimizes people's opportunities to acquire food, which is very essential for livelihood. Agriculture is the main occupation through which land as a natural resource is utilized to produce different foodstuffs, in spite of some unfavorable climatic conditions such as drought and land infertility. The proposed project is deeply grounded on the premise that, since within the same society some members are capable of producing sufficient foodstuff using their intellectual capacity, everybody else given better relevant and appropriate information, should be able to attain self- reliance through personal effort. There are several messages being communicated to us by the above mentioned scriptural text. But we can intimate that the primary one is our divine duty to sustain our life through using the land, which is a free gift from our creator. God empowered us and as his co-creators, we have the ability and duty to make land produce sufficient wealth. From the same verses, we can deduce that God wishes that human beings be social, responsible and use the land diligently to procure resources for their own needs. Our contemporary society experiences an ever-increasing demand for food in spite of the establishment of the foundation of Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) agency of the United Nations (UN) on 16 October 1945 in Quebec, Canada meant to ensure food security. The role of FAO is to channel information in view of facilitating developing countries to address food security for all with the Latin slogan "flat panis," meaning,"let there be bread." Our society has to respond to social-economic challenges such as food shortage and the unemployment of young people. These two issues are inviting us to look deeply into the food shortage crisis and youth unemployment critically because they pose a great threat to life in our society. We are not omnipotent as God, but have the ability to use our brain in technological invention; we can use mass media channels to influence the whole society through dissemination of the available technology. Mass media can be used to reach masses of people. The Pastoral Instruction on the Means of Social Communication, "Communio et Progressio published on 29 January 1971, affirms that advances in the means of social communication have over-powered the barriers that time and space have created amongst us. Even though the teaching of the Church declares the media as a useful gift from God which can be used to educate and preserve culture, little has been done in implementing the Vatican II recommendation, leaving the demand for video tapes with such information From social studies, we understand that the role of communication in the personal and social life of human beings is distinct from psychological and societal functions of human communication. From the psychological perspective, the person is more focused because he/she selects what is meaningful and applicable, while in the societal approach individual's environment, culture and society are considered. To be effective in persuading the young people to respond to the call to cultivate and care for the land, this project will use familiar food crops to motivate youth to change their attitude towards farming. The information will be repeated during some special seasons such as cultivation period, sowing and harvesting. Sagana Parish has done a commendable job in helping the youth to grow up spiritually through socialization. But now the high rate of unemployment is creating a demand for contextualizing the Biblical teaching. As part of the preparation to face the future life, young people need to be instructed to do some agriculture, because this is the only sector which can help many of them. There is need to interiorize the local Agikuyu saying, "gutiri utariaga", which means there is no one who does not eat.
Television on Children Impact of Television on Children In Regard To Social and Intellectual
(Tangaza University College, 2007) Migichi, Mary Wanjiku
The thesis is built on the foundation of the long essay written on television and children Having carried out the research with a specific set of hypotheses and having come up with interesting findings, I decided to center my attention on hypothesis four which states that parents do not monitor and regulate what their children watch. The outcome obtained from this particular hypothesis shows that 52% of parents monitor their child while watching television, while 48% does not. The difference in the responses is only by a margin of 4 %. This means that the greater percentage of parents supervise their children as they watch television and also dictate the kind of programs to be watched, while a considerable number of parents do not. The thesis is therefore set on creating awareness on the need for parents to monitor what their children watch on television as well as their responsibility in the choice of programs for their children. The main focus of the final project is to provide a way forward for the problem statement. I will attempt to discuss the need for parents to understand exactly what nature of media content their children are exposed to, sensitizing them to make good choices.
Using Print Media in Rehabilitation of Women Prisoners in Lang'ata Prison
(Tangaza University College, 2007) Chilupula, Stella
This study focuses on the inmates of Lang'ata Women Prison which was established in 1954, in colonial time, with a special concern for the rehabilitation of women from within Nairobi as well as other places in Kenya. It is the only maximum security prison for women serious offenders and capital convicts in Kenya. After independence in 1963, the Prison Ordinance was established which contained rules on how to help offenders reform. The structures to categorize inmates, earnings schemes, compulsory supervision, extramural penal employment, and correction youth training centre, as well as pilot schemes, were enacted in different parts of Kenya. Apart from training, prisoners are supposed to receive counseling in order to get rehabilited so as to return back integrated into society, ensuring safe custody.
The Youth, Alcohol and The Media Focusing On How the Radio Can Be Used to Highlight The Issue of Alcohol Abuse Among the Youth
(Tangaza University College, 2007) Wanjiku Mbogo, Sarah
The research focuses on the youth studying in higher learning institutions like College and Universities who live in Umoja I estate. They comprise both genders, between the ages 18-30. The study focuses on how the radio as a form of media used by the young people can be used to sensitize the issue of alcohol influences among the youth. Umoja 1 Estate is located about 11 kilometres from Nairobi's Central Business District on the eastern side of Nairobi province. It is in Embakasi division and one of the most densely populated areas in Nairobi. Umoja has a population of about 43.526, occupies 149 EIHS and 18Sq/ Km and has two market places; one open air market, and collection of stalls. The youth of Umoja I have varied occupations. some in school and college and, others are employed, self employed, and many others unemployed. There are several recreational places in Umoja where the youth can be found, examples include pubs, video show rooms, and youth clubs.
A Content Analysis of Print Media Coverage of Kenyan Football
(Tangaza University College, 2009) Barasa, John Nyongesa
The relationship between Kenyan print media and Kenyan football can be said to be symbolic. One cannot do without the other, and both benefit from this relationship. Football is the most popular sport in the country and with the major papers in the country recording high circulation rates ( with Daily Nation having about 250,000 copies overall! and Standard having a circulation figure of 70,000 to 75,000 on weekdays and up to 100,000 copies on weekends2) Although these figures might not have been this large during the 80's which was probably the when the game was at its zenith, this huge circulation figures complement Kenya's high literacy rates (As of 2005 according to UNESCO's database the literary rate was 86.9% with the total percentage for females being 82.1% and males being 91.7%3). These figures are surprising given that footballs' popularity not only in Kenya, but worldwide has mostly relied on electronic media (mainly radio and television). This goes to show that despite electronic media leading the charge as far as coverage of football is concerned it is safe to say that there is still a majority that still relies on newspapers and magazines for information on local football. Hence this study seeks to explore coverage of Kenyan football in the present situation. The study also seeks to address the sudden decline of local football and how or what the Kenyan print media can improve the situation
Edutainment (Educational Entertainment): Using Television Drama to Educate and Inform Teenagers as a Primary Audience
(Tangaza College, 2009) Muriithi, Benjamin
Education Entertainment has been tried and tested both locally and internationally and its results have been proven. This study aimed to verify its viability in filling the programming vacuum that existed for teenagers in this country and provide them with a program that is entertaining enough to gain popularity yet useful to teenagers in providing answers to questions that they have through its characters and its story line. The designing of the program proposal draws from the findings of the study and hopes to provide a reliable source of both information and entertainment in the form of the drama, timer Core. A study and program proposal is however a small, though important, step in coming up with a viable solution. In the event of successfully reaching the planning stage of the pre production stage, issues like Funding and investment will very likely take the forefront. A series is indeed a costly affair and before any solid results are achieved, a lot has to be done. I would also like to recommend, in this case, or in other similar ones, cooperation between media practitioners like us and specialists in areas like teen psychology. A large part of the information that helped make this thesis a success, as seen in the first and third chapters, is sourced from these experts in their publications and websites. This helps ensure maximum effectiNeness of the final product. The I s' chapter explored the dynamics of our local TV industry, the rise in popularity of local content and the increase in the number of TV outlets. In this evolution of events, TV stations will need to invest more in local productions in order to satisfy this demand. Compounding the situation is the international deadline that the country has in order for it to convert to digital broadcasting. This conversion is guaranteed to flood the market with at least 200 more TV stations. China is already looking to grab about 60 while the UK is aiming for 40. Local investors are repositioning too.

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